AutoTutor




Toward an affect-sensitive AutoTutor
[PDF] from mit.eduS D'Mello, A Graesser... - Intelligent Systems, IEEE, 2007 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Abstract Here, we consider the possibility of enabling AutoTutor, an intelligent tutoring 
system, to process learners' affective and cognitive states. AutoTutor is a fully automated 
computer tutor that simulates human tutors and converses with students in natural ...
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[CITATION] ... ; 5. Student modeling and intelligent tutoring beyond coached problem solving Cristina Conati; 6. Emotions during learning with autotutor Sidney D'Mello ...
PJ Durlach, AM Lesgold - 2012 - Cambridge University Press
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Emotions and learning with AutoTutor
[PDF] from 141.225.218.248A Graesser, P Chipman, B King... - Proceeding of the 2007 ..., 2007 - dl.acm.org
Abstract The relationship between emotions and learning was investigated by tracking the 
emotions that college students experienced while learning about computer literacy with 
AutoTutor. AutoTutor is an animated pedagogical agent that holds a conversation in ...
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[PDF] AutoTutor detects and responds to learners affective and cognitive states
[PDF] from 141.225.218.248S D'Mello, T Jackson, S Craig... - ... on emotional and ..., 2008 - 141.225.218.248
Abstract. This paper provides a synthesis of our research towards the development of an 
affect-sensitive Intelligent Tutoring System called AutoTutor. The affect-sensitive AutoTutor 
detects the emotions (boredom, flow/engagement, confusion, frustration) of a learner by ...
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Using LSA in AutoTutor: Learning through mixed-initiative dialogue in natural language.
A Graesser, P Penumatsa, M Ventura, Z Cai... - 2007 - psycnet.apa.org
Abstract 1. AutoTutor is a computer tutor that holds conversations with students in natural 
language (Graesser, Hu, & McNamara, 2005; Graesser, Lu, et al., 2004; Graesser, Person, 
Harter, & the Tutoring Research Group, 2001; Graesser, VanLehn, Rose, Jordan, & Harter, ...
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Emote aloud during learning with AutoTutor: Applying the Facial Action Coding System to cognitive-affective states during learning
SD Craig, S D'Mello, A Witherspoon... - Cognition and ..., 2008 - Taylor & Francis
In an attempt to discover the facial action units for affective states that occur during complex 
learning, this study adopted an emote-aloud procedure in which participants were recorded 
as they verbalised their affective states while interacting with an intelligent tutoring system ...
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AutoTutor: An intelligent tutoring system with mixed-initiative dialogue
[PDF] from memphis.eduAC Graesser, P Chipman... - ... , IEEE Transactions on, 2005 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Abstract AutoTutor simulates a human tutor by holding a conversation with the learner in 
natural language. The dialogue is augmented by an animated conversational agent and 
three-dimensional (3-D) interactive simulations in order to enhance the learner's ...
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Affect and learning: an exploratory look into the role of affect in learning with AutoTutor
[PDF] from 141.225.218.248S Craig, A Graesser, J Sullins... - Journal of Educational ..., 2004 - Taylor & Francis
The role that affective states play in learning was investigated from the perspective of a 
constructivist learning framework. We observed six different affect states (frustration, 
boredom, flow, confusion, eureka and neutral) that potentially occur during the process of ...
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Scaffolding deep comprehension strategies through Point&Query, AutoTutor, and iSTART
[PDF] from learnlab.orgAC Graesser, DS McNamara... - Educational ..., 2005 - Taylor & Francis
It is well-documented that most students do not have adequate proficiencies in inquiry and 
metacognition, particularly at deeper levels of comprehension that require explanatory 
reasoning. The proficiencies are not routinely provided by teachers and normal tutors so it ...
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[PDF] An Analysis of Student Learning Gains After Interacting with AutoTutor
[PDF] from psu.eduNK Person, R Kreuz, AC Graesser, S Rajan... - 2008 - Citeseer
Abstract: The pedagogical effectiveness of two versions of AutoTutor was assessed in two 
student learning outcome studies. Sixty students enrolled in a computer literacy course 
received tutoring or reread material on two of the following topics: Hardware, Operating ...
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AutoTutor: A tutor with dialogue in natural language
[PDF] from asu.eduAC Graesser, S Lu, GT Jackson, HH Mitchell... - Behavior Research ..., 2004 - Springer
Abstract AutoTutor is a learning environment that tutors students by holding a conversation 
in natural language. AutoTutor has been developed for Newtonian qualitative physics and 
computer literacy. Its design was inspired by explanation-based constructivist theories of ...
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Self versus teacher judgments of learner emotions during a tutoring session with AutoTutor
[PDF] from 141.225.218.248S D'Mello, R Taylor, K Davidson... - Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 2008 - Springer
The relationship between emotions and learning was investigated by tracking the affective 
states that college students experiencedwhile interacting with AutoTutor, an intelligent 
tutoring system with conversational dialogue. An emotionally responsive tutor would ...
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[PDF] Detection of emotions during learning with AutoTutor
[PDF] from psu.eduAC Graesser, B McDaniel, P Chipman... - Proceedings of the 28th ..., 2006 - Citeseer
Abstract The relationship between emotions and learning was investigated by tracking the 
affective states that college students experienced while interacting with AutoTutor, an 
intelligent tutoring system with conversational dialogue. An emotionally responsive tutor ...
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A motivationally supportive affect-sensitive autotutor
SK D'Mello, B Lehman... - New Perspectives on Affect and ..., 2011 - Springer
This chapter describes a fully automated affect-sensitive Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) 
called the Affective AutoTutor. AutoTutor is an ITS that helps students learn topics in 
Newtonian physics, computer literacy, and critical thinking via natural language dialogues ...
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[CITATION] AutoTutor holds conversations with learners that are responsive to their cognitive and emotional states
AC Graesser - ... -SADDLE BROOK THEN ..., 2007 - EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY ...
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Affect detection from multichannel physiology during learning sessions with AutoTutor
[PDF] from google.comM Hussain, O AlZoubi, R Calvo... - Artificial Intelligence in ..., 2011 - Springer
It is widely acknowledged that learners experience a variety of emotions while interacting 
with Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS), hence, detecting and responding to emotions might 
improve learning outcomes. This study uses machine learning techniques to detect ...
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[CITATION] Body and symbol in AutoTutor: Conversations that are responsive to the learners' cognitive and emotional states
AC Graesser, GT Jackson - ... on meaning and ..., 2008 - Oxford University Press, USA
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[PDF] The Relationship Between Modality and Metacognition While Interacting with AutoTutor
[PDF] from celstec.orgJ Sullins, M Jeon, S D'MELLO... - Proceeding of the 2009 ..., 2009 - celstec.org
Abstract. In this paper we explored the relationship between metacognitive statements and 
learning gains with students' typed and spoken interactions with an intelligent tutoring 
system, called AutoTutor. Analyses revealed that students who entered their contributions ...
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[PDF] The Effects of Cognitive Disequilibrium on Question Generation While Interacting with AutoTutor
[PDF] from open.ac.ukJ Sullins, A Graesser, K Tran... - ... of QG2010: The Third ..., 2010 - oro.open.ac.uk
Abstract. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of cognitive disequilibrium on 
student question generation while interacting with an intelligent tutoring system. Some 
students were placed in a state of cognitive disequilibrium while they interacted with ...
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GnuTutor: An Open Source Intelligent Tutoring System Based on AutoTutor
[PDF] from memphis.eduAM Olney - Proceedings of the 2009 AAAI Fall Symposium on ..., 2009 - aaai.org
Abstract This paper presents GnuTutor, an open source intelligent tutoring system (ITS) 
inspired by the AutoTutor ITS. The goal of GnuTutor is to create a freely available, open 
source ITS platform that can be used by schools and researchers alike. To achieve this ...
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[CITATION] AutoTutor: Learning through natural language dialogue that adapts to the cognitive and affective states of the learner
AC Graesser, V Rus, S D'Mello... - Current Perspectives on Cognition, ..., 2008
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AutoTutor Lite
X Hu, Z Cai, L Han, SD Craig, T Wang... - Proceeding of the 2009 ..., 2009 - dl.acm.org
The 14th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED2009) is being 
held July 6--10 2009 in Brighton, UK. AIED2009 is part of an ongoing series of biennial international 
conferences for top quality research in intelligent systems and cognitive science for ... 
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AutoTutor improves deep learning of computer literacy: Is it the dialog or the talking head?
[PDF] from pitt.eduNK Person - Artificial intelligence in education: shaping the ..., 2003 - books.google.com
Abstract. AutoTmor is a tutoring system that helps students construct answers to deep-
reasoning questions by holding a conversation in natural language. AutoTutor delivers its 
dialog moves with an animated conversational agent whereas students type in their ...
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AutoTutor: A Cognitive System That Simulates a Tutor Through Mixed-Initiative Dialogue
[PDF] from 141.225.218.248AC Graesser, A Olney, BC Haynes... - ... cognitive models in ..., 2006 - books.google.com
AutoTutor is a complex cognitive system that simulates a human tutor, or an ideal tutor, by 
holding a conversation with the learner in natural language. AutoTutor qualifies as a 
cognitive system in two fundamental ways (see Forsythe &Xavier, chap. 1, this volume). ...
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[PDF] Adaptive tutorial dialogue in AutoTutor
[PDF] from wpi.eduGT Jackson, NK Person... - Proceedings of the ..., 2004 - nthoffice.cs.wpi.edu
Abstract. AutoTutor is a computer program that is designed to tutor students in computer 
literacy or conceptual physics, by simulating the tutoring strategies used by human tutors. 
AutoTutor interacts with students and attempts to cover the topic material through the ...
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[PDF] Exploring relationships between affect and learning with AutoTutor
[PDF] from wpi.eduA GRAESSER, S D'MELLO, P CHIPMAN... - ... of Artificial Intelligence ..., 2007 - nth.wpi.edu
Abstract. The relationship between emotions and learning was investigated by tracking the 
emotions that college students experienced while learning about computer literacy with 
AutoTutor. AutoTutor is an animated pedagogical agent that holds a conversation in ...
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[CITATION] Teaching tactics and dialog in AutoTutor
AC Graesser, N Person, D Harter... - International Journal of ..., 2001
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[CITATION] Analyzing the Linguistic Structure of Tutorial Dialogue with Coh-Metrix while Learning with AutoTutor
M Jeon - ALAK 2010 Annual Conference, 2010
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Simulating human tutor dialog moves in AutoTutor
[PDF] from archives-ouvertes.frNK Person, AC Graesser... - ... Journal of Artificial ..., 2003 - hal.archives-ouvertes.fr
This purpose of this paper is to show how prevalent features of successful human tutoring 
interactions can be integrated into a pedagogical agent, AutoTutor. AutoTutor is a fully 
automated computer tutor that responds to learner input by simulating the dialog moves of ...
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[PDF] Why/AutoTutor: A test of learning gains from a physics tutor with natural language dialog
[PDF] from rpi.eduAC Graesser, GT Jackson... - Proceedings of the ..., 2003 - csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu
Abstract Why/AutoTutor is a tutoring system that helps students construct answers to 
qualitative physics problems by holding a conversation in natural language. Why/AutoTutor 
provides feedback to the student on what the student types in (positive, neutral, negative ...
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The Autotutor 3 Architecture
[PDF] from memphis.eduP Chipman, A Olney... - Web Information Systems and ..., 2007 - Springer
Providing high quality of service over the Internet to a variety of clients while simultaneously 
providing good pedagogy and extensibility for content creators and developers are key 
issues in the design of the computational architecture of an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) ...
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Applications of human tutorial dialog in AutoTutor: An intelligent tutoring system
GT Jackson... - Revista Signos, 2006 - mendeley.com
Abstract At the University of Memphis we have created an intelligent tutoring system, called 
AutoTutor, that helps students learn by holding a conversation in natural language. Decades 
of research on human tutoring have guided our creation of AutoTutor, which implements ...
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[PDF] AutoTutor 3-D Simulations: Analyzing user's actions and learning trends
[PDF] from rpi.eduGT Jackson, A Olney... - Proceedings of the ..., 2006 - csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu
Abstract Research in simulations and their educational efficacy has had mixed success in 
the educational and cognitive sciences. There are challenges in understanding the complex 
nature of simulations, critical points of learner interactivity with computer simulations, and ...
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Utterance classification in AutoTutor
[PDF] from dtic.milA Olney, M Louwerse, E Matthews... - Proceedings of the HLT ..., 2003 - dl.acm.org
Abstract This paper describes classification of typed student utterances within AutoTutor, an 
intelligent tutoring system. Utterances are classified to one of 18 categories, including 16 
question categories. The classifier presented uses part of speech tagging, cascaded finite ...
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Human or computer? AutoTutor in a bystander Turing test
N Person... - Intelligent tutoring systems, 2002 - Springer
Since the development of the first digital computer in the 1940s, the notion of computer 
intelligence has received considerable attention from computer scientists, philosophers, and 
psychologists. The question of whether it is possible to create a computer program that ...
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[PDF] Evaluating student learning gains in two versions of AutoTutor
[PDF] from 141.225.218.248NK Person, AC Graesser, L Bautista... - ... in education: AI-ED ..., 2001 - 141.225.218.248
Abstract: The pedagogical effectiveness of two versions of AutoTutor was assessed in a 
student learning outcome study. Sixty students enrolled in a computer literacy course 
received tutoring from one of the versions of AutoTutor on one of the following topics: ...
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[PDF] Development and evaluation of a lesson authoring tool for AutoTutor
[PDF] from und.eduS Susarla, A Adcock, R Van Eck, K Moreno... - AIED2003 supplemental ..., 2003 - und.edu
Abstract: This paper describes the process of developing an Electronic Performance Support 
System (EPSS) for AutoTutor 3D. The new architecture of AutoTutor 3D has four models: 
Domain model, Student model, Tutor model and Interface model. To date, the complexity ...
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[PDF] AutoTutor: An intelligent tutor and conversational tutoring scaffold
[PDF] from wpi.eduAC Graesser, X Hu, S Susarla, D Harter... - 10th ICAI in ..., 2001 - nth.wpi.edu
The Tutoring Research Group (TRG) at the University of Memphis has developed a 
computer tutor (called AutoTutor) that simulates the discourse patterns and pedagogical 
strategies of a typical human tutor (Graesser, P. Wiemer-Hastings, K. Wiemer-Hastings, ...
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THE AUTOTUTOR 3 ARCHITECTURE A software architecture for an expandable, high-availability ITS
P Chipman, A Olney... - 2005 - Citeseer
Abstract Keywords: Intelligent tutoring systems, software architecture, Internet-based 
instruction Abstract: Providing high quality of service over the Internet to a variety of clients 
while simultaneously providing good pedagogy and extensibility for content creators and ...
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[PDF] The relationship between affective states and dialog patterns during interactions with AutoTutor
[PDF] from 141.225.218.248S D'Mello, S Craig, A Witherspoon... - ... of World Conference ..., 2005 - 141.225.218.248
Similarity of content of student's turn to an expectation The change in the Local Good Score 
Similarity of the history of student turns to expectations The change in the Global Good 
Score Similarity of content of student's turn to a bad answer The change in the Local Bad ...
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AutoTutor: Incorporating back-channel feedback and other human-like conversational behaviors into an intelligent tutoring system
S Rajan, SD Craig, B Gholson, NK Person... - International Journal of ..., 2001 - Springer
This paper describes our recent attempts to incorporate human-like conversational 
behaviors into the dialog moves delivered by an animated pedagogical agent that simulates 
human tutors. We first present a brief overview of the modules comprising AutoTutor, an ...
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Modeling student performance to enhance the pedagogy of AutoTutor
[PDF] from memphis.eduT Jackson, E Mathews, KI Lin, A Olney... - User Modeling 2003, 2003 - Springer
The Tutoring Research Group from the University of Memphis has developed a 
pedagogically effective Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS), called AutoTutor, that implements 
conversational dialog as a tutoring strategy for conceptual physics. Latent Semantic ...
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The impact of Why/AutoTutor on learning and retention of conceptual physics
GT Jackson, M Ventura, P Chewle... - Intelligent Tutoring ..., 2004 - Springer
Why/AutoTutor is an intelligent tutoring system for conceptual physics that guides learning 
through tutorial dialog in natural language. It adapts to student contributions within dialog 
turns in both a conversationally appropriate and pedagogically effective manner. It uses ...
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[CITATION] Why2 Report: Evaluation of Why/Atlas, Why/AutoTutor, and accomplished human tutors on learning gains for qualitative physics problems and ...
K VanLehn... - Unpublished report prepared by the University of ..., 2002
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[PDF] Discourse patterns in why/AutoTutor
[PDF] from 141.225.218.248E Mathews, G Jackson, N Person... - Actas de the, 2003 - 141.225.218.248
Abstract Why/AutoTutor is an automated physics tutor that engages students in conversation. 
AutoTutor simulates the discourse patterns and pedagogical dialog moves of human tutors. 
This paper describes how the Why/AutoTutor creates original dialog pathways for the ...
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Aplicaciones del diálogo humano de tutoría al autotutor
AC Graesser... - Revista signos, 2006 - dialnet.unirioja.es
Resumen: En la Universidad de Memphis hemos creado un sistema tutorial inteligente, 
llamado AutoTutor1, que ayuda a los estudiantes a aprender, manteniendo una 
conversación en lenguaje natural. Décadas de investigación acerca de la tutoría humana ...
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[CITATION] AutoTutor: a cognitive system that simulates a tutor that facilitates learning through mixed-initiative dialogue, C. Forsythe, ML Bernard and TE Goldsmith, ...
AC Graesser, A Olney, BC Haynes... - Cognitive Systems: Human ..., 2005
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[PDF] Assessing the pedagogical effectiveness and conversational appropriateness in three versions of AutoTutor
[PDF] from psu.eduGT Jackson, J Mueller, NK Person... - ... in Education: AI-ED in the ..., 2001 - Citeseer
Abstract. AutoTutor's effectiveness as a tutor and conversational partner was assessed 
during three development cycles of the system. In Cycle 1 AutoTutor interacted with virtual 
students, whereas in Cycles 2 and 3, AutoTutor interacted with human students. The ...
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[PDF] Automated systems that analyze text and discourse: QUAID, Coh-Metrix, and AutoTutor
[PDF] from 141.225.218.248AC Graesser, SL Petschonek... - ... methods and clinical ..., 2005 - 141.225.218.248
Abstract Recent advances in the fields of computational linguistics, discourse processes, 
and computer technologies offer new avenues of improving measurement methodologies 
and clinical applications. This chapter describes three technologies, available on the web, ...
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[PDF] Autotutor passes the bystander Turing test
[PDF] from editlib.orgN Person, M Erkel... - Proceedings of E-Learn, 2002 - editlib.org
Abstract: In this study, the Bystander Turing Test (BTT) paradigm is used to determine 
whether participants rate particular dialog moves in tutoring transcripts to be generated by a 
computer tutor, AutoTutor, or by a skilled human tutor. Results indicate that participants ...
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[CITATION] the TRG, & the NLT.: Why2 Report: Evaluation of Why/Atlas, Why/AutoTutor, and Accomplished Human Tutors on Learning Gains for Qualitative Physics ...
A Graesser... - 2002 - LRDC Tech Report
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... , Maricela. See Palmer, Douglas J. Graesser, Arthur C. Scaffolding Deep Comprehension Strategies Through Point&Query, AutoTutor, and iSTART............ 225 Haenen ...
JM Harackiewicz, PR Pintrich, G Hatano... - Educational ..., 2005 - Taylor & Francis
Harackiewicz, Judith M. Multiple Achievement Goals and Multiple Pathways for Learning: 
The Agenda and Impact of Paul R. Pintrich.......................................................................... 75 
Hatano, Giyoo. See Lin, Xiaodong. Hofer, Barbara K. The Legacy and the Challenges: ...
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Computer Simulation as an Instructional Technology in AutoTutor
HJ Joyce Kim, A Graesser, T Jackson... - Proceeding of the 2005 ..., 2005 - dl.acm.org
Abstract We explored the impact on learning of interactive simulations that were coordinated 
with AutoTutor, a learning environment that helps students by holding a conversation in 
natural language. We randomly assigned 132 college students to one of three conditions: ...
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[PDF] Computer Simulation as an Instructional Technology in AutoTutor
[PDF] from pitt.eduHJJ Kim, A Graesser, T Jackson, A Olney... - 2005 - cs.pitt.edu
Abstract. We explored the impact on learning of interactive simulations that were 
coordinated with AutoTutor, a learning environment that helps students by holding a 
conversation in natural language. We randomly assigned 132 college students to one of ...
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[PDF] Achieving Domain Independence in AutoTutor
[PDF] from memphis.eduEC Mathews, GT Jackson, A Olney... - The Seventh World ..., 2003 - memphis.edu
ABSTRACT AutoTutor is a computer tutor system that simulates the discourse patterns and 
pedagogical strategies of human tutors. AutoTutor engages the learner in a natural 
language conversation on a topic, presenting questions, posing problems, answering ...
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[CITATION] The Tutoring Research Group 2002 AutoTutor: Incorporating Back-Channel Feedback and Other Human-Like Conversational behaviors into an Intelligent ...
S Rajan, SD Craig, B Gholson, NK Person... - International Journal of ..., 2002
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AutoTutor and Other Conversational Agents that Scaffold Learning
AC Graesser - Proceedings of EuroCogSci'03, the European ..., 2003 - books.google.com
One of the recent trends in the design of learning environments has been to build 
conversational agents that interact with the learner in natural language (Graesser, VanLehn, 
Rose, Jordan, & Harter, 2001; Gratch, et al., 2002; Johnson, Rickel, & Lester, 2000). There ...
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AutoTutor: a conversational tutoring environment
A Olney, N Person... - Proceedings of the ..., 2002 - en.scientificcommons.org
Abstract AutoTutor is a conversational tutoring environment applicable to any content 
domain. Auto-Tutor simulates the dialog patterns and pedagogical strategies of human 
tutors in a conversational interface that supports mixed-initiative dialog. As the student and ...
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[PDF] The role of intelligent tutoring systems in education: An overview of AutoTutor
[PDF] from editlib.orgM Louwerse, A Graesser, X Hu... - TECHNOLOGY AND ..., 2002 - editlib.org
Abstract: Intelligent Tutoring Systems have become more common in education nowadays. 
AutoTutor is one such system. It uses a world knowledge representation, natural language 
processing, production scripts and a conversational interface. By assisting students in ...
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