Chinese & Metaphor




The Applications of Description Logics in Natural Language Processing
XY Cheng, C Cheng... - Advanced Materials Research, 2011 - Trans Tech Publ
... 212013, China a xycheng@ntu.edu.cn, bstampfan@ntu.edu.cn, ccallmezq@126 ... done about
building a good Description Logics knowledge base for natural language processing (also called ...
will be discriminated (eg, the sentences involving some form of metaphor, type shifting ... 
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Specializing disambiguation of a natural language expression
TJ Ylonen - US Patent App. 12/910,408, 2010 - Google Patents
... Reference resolution and disambiguation may be a combined process. [0020] A seventh aspect
of the invention is a method of interpreting metaphor by specialization. ... [0060] (110) illustrates
an input to be processed using a natural language processing system. ... 
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Models of Metaphor in NLP
[PDF] from aclweb.orgE Shutova - Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the ..., 2010 - portal.acm.org
... There has been a wealth of research on metaphor in Spanish, Chinese, Russian, German, French ...
and annotated with source-target domain mappings taken from the Master Metaphor List ... Alonge
and Castelli (2003) discuss how metaphors can be represented in ItalWordNet for ... 
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A Reflection on Chinese "Chi": From the Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics
[PDF] from academypublisher.comB Wang... - Theory and Practice in Language ..., 2011 - ojs.academypublisher.com
... The proficiency of cognitive linguistics can guide and help Chinese teaching for foreigners, natural
language processing and automatic machine translation. ... (Figure 3) Lakoff classifies three kinds
of metaphors in his book Metaphor We Lived By: structure metaphor ... 
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Integrating Wiki Systems, Natural Language Processing, and Semantic Technologies for Cultural Heritage Data Management
R Witte, T Kappler, R Krestel... - Language Technology for ..., 2011 - Springer
... More specifically, by using techniques from natural language processing and Semantic Computing,
we automatically populate ... Internet, and to provide easy access within a familiar metaphor, the
system ... This task was outsourced to a Chinese company for cost reasons; Manual ... 
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The Chinese Noun Metaphors Knowledge Base and its Use in the Recognition of Metaphors
Z Wang, S Yu... - ... Agent Technology (WI-IAT), 2010 IEEE/ ..., 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The Chinese Noun Metaphors Knowledge Base and Its Use in the Recognition of Metaphors
Zhimin Wang1 Shiwen Yu2 Zhifang Sui2 ... Metaphor knowledge base is an important resource
of natural language processing, which has received more attention in recent years. ... 
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The nested chinese restaurant process and bayesian nonparametric inference of topic hierarchies
[PDF] from berkeley.eduDM Blei, TL Griffiths... - Journal of the ACM (JACM), 2010 - portal.acm.org
... G.3 [Probability and Statistics]: Stochastic processes; I.2.7 [Artificial Intelligence]: Natural Language
Processing-Text analysis ... On the first evening, he enters the root Chinese restaurant and selects
a table ... of "topic" differs in key ways from the clustering metaphor because the ... 
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Linguistic Networks: Metaphor or Tool?
L Haitao - Journal of Zhejiang University (Humanities and Social ..., 2010 - en.cnki.com.cn
... Studies,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China);Linguistic Networks:Metaphor or
Tool?[J ... Zhiwei Institute of Applied Linguistics,Communication University of China,Beijing
100024;Probabilistic Valency Pattern Theory for Natural Language Processing[J];Linguistic ... 
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Research on the Cognitive Comprehension Logic and Its Application in Understanding of Metaphor
SU Chang, C Yi-jiang... - ?????? (???, 2010 - ????????
... Logic and Its Application in the Comprehension of Metaphor[J].Journal of ... XX,Yang Y,Zhou C
L.Emotional Metaphors forEmotion Recognition ... MetaphorUnderstanding[C].Proceedings of IEEE
InternationalConference on Natural Language Processing and KnowledgeEngineering ... 
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Natural language based location query system, keyword based location query system and a natural language and keyword based location query system
Q Feng, H Qi, Y Liu, H Liu, Y Wang, X Liu... - US Patent ..., 2011 - Google Patents
... Lotfi A. Zadeh.* Qualitative Geospatial Processing, Ontology and Spatial Metaphor, by David ...
fJ^ftJS) Carrefour Zhongguancun Store^&JS^^fcfJii) Second Ring (-£F8) China Bank($S ... Basic
Basic Basic Basic Basic Extended Extended Extended Categories (Chinese) Region (C*i ... 
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Mapping principles for conceptual metaphors
[PDF] from kathleenahrens.comK Ahrens - Researching and Applying Metaphor in the Real ..., 2010 - books.google.com
... These hypotheses are formulated as Mapping Principles and allow for predic- tions regarding
novel metaphor usage to be made. Four experimental studies on native Mandarin Chinese
speakers demonstrate that novel metaphors that follow Mapping Principles receive ... 
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A blog emotion corpus for emotional expression analysis in Chinese
C Quan... - Computer Speech & Language, 2010 - Elsevier
... Keywords: Emotion analysis; Weblogs; Corpus annotation; Natural language processing. ... 4.
Chinese blog emotion corpus annotation scheme. ... In a survey of China Internet development
statistical report (2008/7), there are 42.3% Internet users (about 1.07 hundred million) in ... 
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A Quantitative Study on Syntactic Functions of Nouns in Mandarin Chinese: Based on Chinese Dependency Treebank
GAO Song - TCSOL Studies, 2010 - en.cnki.com.cn
... Linguistics,Communication University of China,Beijing 100024;Probabilistic Valency Pattern
Theory for Natural Language Processing[J];Linguistic ... 4, YUAN Haixia(School of Humanities,
Xianning College,Xianning437005,Hubei,China);Study on Space-Metaphor of Relation ... 
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[PDF] Construction of a Chinese Idiom Knowledge Base and Its Applications
[PDF] from rug.nlL Wang... - 23rd International Conference on ..., 2010 - acl.eldoc.ub.rug.nl
... 2 Chinese Idioms and Chinese Idiom Knowledge Base Generally an idiom is a metaphor-a
term requiring some background ... In Proceedings of the ACL-02 Conference on Empirical Methods
in Natural Language Processing: pp. 79-86. ... Peking University Press, Beijing, China. ... 
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[CITATION] Language and the brain: computational and neuroimaging evidence from Chinese
P Li... - The Oxford handbook of Chinese psychology, 2010 - Oxford Univ Pr
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A corpus-based study on collocational behavior and semantic prosody of near synonyms in Chinese learner English [J]
L Jun - Modern Foreign Languages, 2010 - en.cnki.com.cn
... 2, WEI Nai-xing(Natural Language Processing Institute,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai
200030 ... 7, Lu Wanhong:Guangzhou University;A Cognitive Metaphor Analysis of Heart in ... ju(Foreign
Studies College,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110004,China);On Gradation ... 
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A Context Based Word Similarity Computing Method
D CAI, Y BAI, S YU, N YE... - Journal of Chinese Information ..., 2010 - en.cnki.com.cn
... Word similarity computation is one of the key issues in natural language processing fields,such
as machine ... China Proceedings of conference Full-text Database, 5 Hits. ... Beijing,100871;Automatic
Acquisition of Selectional Preference and Its Application to Metaphor Processing[A ... 
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[PDF] Identification of Noun Identification of Noun Noun (NN) Collocations as Multi Collocations as Multi Word Expressions Word Expressions in Bengali Corpus
[PDF] from iiit.ac.inT Chakraborty - 2010 - ltrc.iiit.ac.in
... metaphor. ... Nam Kim (2010) Multiword Expressions, in Nitin Indurkhya and Fred J. Damerau (eds.)
Handbook of Natural Language Processing, Second Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Damerau
(eds.) Handbook of Natural Language Processing, Second Edition ... Beijing, China. ... 
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A Proposed Model for Constructing a Yami WordNet
[PDF] from colips.orgMC Yang, DV Rau... - 2010 International Conference on ..., 2010 - computer.org
... selected senses (eg, economy) from SinicaBow as target domains for metaphor analysis and ...
systematically and computationally, which is suitable for the process of natural language
processing (NPL ... classifying the semantic entries in the database of the upper-level metaphors. ... 
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An Iterative Method of Extracting Chinese ISA Relations for Ontology Learning
[PDF] from academypublisher.comL Liu, S Zhang, L Diao... - Journal of Computers, 2010 - academypublisher.com
... Patterns are acquired by using the linguis- tics and natural language processing techniques. ...
Chinese ISA relation patterns will be used to capture concrete sentences from Chinese free corpus. ...
cL}<?C1>/???/{????{? ?}cH}<?C2> ({It is well-known that {China}cL}<?C1 ... 
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An Investigation of Chinese Selectional Preference Based on HowNet
[PDF] from nju.edu.cnB Li, X Chen... - 2010 Fourth International Conference on ..., 2010 - computer.org
... [4] Yuxiang Jia, Shiwen Yu, "Unsupervised Chinese Verb Metaphor Recognition Based ... Linguistics
and the 4th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing(ACL-IJCNLP09 ... A
Study of Verb Selectional Restrictions on Objects", Applied Linguistics, China, vol. ... 
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Active learning for constrained Dirichlet process mixture models
[PDF] from pascal-network.orgA Vlachos, Z Ghahramani... - Proceedings of the 2010 ..., 2010 - portal.acm.org
... Cus- tomers (instances) arrive at a Chinese restaurant which has an infinite number of tables ...
In terms of the CRP metaphor, customers connected with must-links arrive at the restaurant and ...
Language Processing and Computational Natural Language Learning, pages 410-420. ... 
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[PDF] Nonparametric Bayesian Word Sense Induction
[PDF] from rug.nlX Yao... - ACL HLT 2011, 2011 - acl.eldoc.ub.rug.nl
... In a Chinese restaurant franchise metaphor of the HDP, multiple restaurants (documents) share
a ... Teh et al.(2006) describes the pos- terior sampling in the Chinese restaurant franchise. ... of the
2010 Conference on Empir- ical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 745 ... 
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Power law discounting for n-gram language models
[PDF] from psu.eduS Huang... - Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ..., 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
... The procedure for generating draws G ~ PY(d, ?, Gb) from a Pitman-Yor process can be
described using the "Chinese Restaurant" metaphor. Customers enter a Chinese restaurant
containing an infi- nite number of tables and seat themselves. ... 
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Collocation and Semantic Prosody of Handsome--A Corpus-Based Study
H XING... - Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Social ..., 2011 - en.cnki.com.cn
... 1, WEI Nai?xing? (Natural Language Processing Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University,
Shanghai, 200030 ... 6, Lu Wanhong:Guangzhou University;A Cognitive Metaphor Analysis of Heart ...
Foreign Studies College,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110004,China);On Gradation ... 
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Natural Language Processing: Minds, brains, and programmes
C Zelinsky-Wibbelt - ... Truth (s): The Epistemology of Metaphor ..., 2010 - books.google.com
... In contrast to this flexible and creative behaviour, traditional natural language processing systems
work in ... of metaphors and to our evaluation of the computer metaphor in particular ... are elliptical
linguistic constructions created through ad hoc metonymies and metaphors, such as ... 
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Philipp Koehn: Statistical Machine Translation.
Z Xiaojun - Applied Linguistics, 2011 - Am Assoc Appl Ling
... Reviewed by Zhang Xiaojun. Shaanxi Normal University, China E-mail: andy_zxj{at}126 ... Compared
with previous general introductions to MT systems, natural language processing (NLP) or the
application of ... course, 'blue' is not its conceptual meaning here but a metaphor, that is ... 
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Alison Wray: Formulaic Language: Pushing the Boundaries.
P Durrant - Applied Linguistics, 2010 - Am Assoc Appl Ling
... Above all, however, the boundary metaphor refers to Wray's strategy of investigating ... Wray argues
that some of the persistent problems in natural language processing and machine ... on the use
of formulaic phrases to ensure doctrinal conformity during China's Cultural Revolution ... 
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PCFGs, topic models, adaptor grammars and learning topical collocations and the structure of proper names
[PDF] from mq.edu.auM Johnson - Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the ..., 2010 - portal.acm.org
... (In the Chinese Restaurant metaphor, mt is the number of tables labeled with t, and m
is the number of occupied tables). If aX = 0 then the PYP is equivalent to a CRP with
aX = bX, while if aX = 1 then the PYP generates samples from HX. ... 
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An Analysis on the Colligation and Collocation of the High-frequency Word Good in Learner Corpus
J CHEN... - Journal of Tianjin Foreign Studies University, 2010 - en.cnki.com.cn
... 2, WEI Nai?xing? (Natural Language Processing Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University,
Shanghai, 200030, China)?;Fifty Years ... 10, Lu Wanhong:Guangzhou University;A Cognitive
Metaphor Analysis of Heart in CLEC ... China Proceedings of conference Full-text Database, 1 Hits. ... 
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Construction of the Paradigmatic Semantic Network Based on Cognition
X Ouyang - 2010 International Conference on Asian Language ..., 2010 - computer.org
... I. BACKGROUND The key issue for natural language processing now is focusing on the study
of ... modes of the evolution of ?'s meaning based on metaphor and metonymy. ... metaphorical modes
and four metonymical modes concluded as follows: the metaphors between visual ... 
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Application of Case Grammar Theory in Basic English Teaching
LI Wei-na - Journal of Guangxi Normal University (Philosophy and ..., 2011 - en.cnki.com.cn
... Normal College, Changsha, Hunan 410002);Speech Act and Natural Language
Processing[J];Journal of ... Languages and Cultures, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian
361005);Metaphors and the ... and Literature, Ludong University University, Yantai 264025, China; ... 
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Using the Wisdom of Crowds to Prevent Internet Frauds
[PDF] from webscience.orgHT Zheng, Y Jiang... - 2010 - journal.webscience.org
... 3 Page 4. such as tokenization, Part-Of-Speech tagging, and stemming etc., to conduct the natural
language processing. ... The website with value http://www.bank-off-china.com/ doing false website
for the bank of China. ... Chua et al. [6] employed the 'parasite' metaphor as a way ... 
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Figures of Speech
M Kienpointner - Discursive Pragmatics, 2011 - books.google.com
... how these difficulties could be overcome and a description of FSP like metaphors or metonymies
could ... Metaphor: An Inescapable Phenomenon in Natural-Language Compre- hension. In WG
Lehnert & MH Ringle (eds.) Strategies for Natural Language Processing: 415-434. ... 
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Socio-natural thought semantic link network: A method of semantic networking in the cyber physical society
[PDF] from knowledgegrid.netH Zhuge - 2010 24th IEEE International Conference on Advanced ..., 2010 - computer.org
... It was firstly used in natural language processing, and then developed by Allan M. Collins etc
[7]. It was adopted as knowledge representation method by ... by Wei Wu King (ie, Chao Chao) who
was the king of country Wei in three kingdoms dynasty of China (155-220 ... x Metaphor. ... 
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The Cultural Construction of Organizational Life: Introduction to the Special Issue
[PDF] from informs.orgK Weber... - Organization Science, 2011 - portal.acm.org
... The cultural category of cooperation: A cultural consensus model analysis for China and the ... 56.
Manning, CD and Schütze, H., Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing, MIT Press ...
70. Sahlins, MD, Historical Metaphors and Mythical Realities: Structure in the Early ... 
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[PDF] Compatibility between Text Mining and Qualitative Research in the Perspectives of Grounded Theory, Content Analysis, and Reliability
[PDF] from creative-wisdom.comCH Yu, A Jannasch-Pennell... - The Qualitative ..., 2011 - creative-wisdom.com
... Key Words: Text Mining, Content Analysis, Exploratory Data Analysis, Natural Language
Processing, Computational Linguistics, Grounded ... Consider the metaphor of photography ...
investigate the experiences of occupational injury and illness among Chinese immigrant restaurant ... 
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CONSTRUCTION AND ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENTS USING KNOWLEDGE MAPS WITH WEIGHT APPRAISAL OF CONCEPTS
[PDF] from 140.116.207.99TI Wang, CY Su... - 2010 - 140.116.207.99
... underlying relationships of the knowledge sources, using a map metaphor for spatial ... Besides
knowledge maps, KMAAS combines natural language processing and machine learning
technologies for ... Chinese sentences are characterized by the absence of delimiters to mark ... 
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Interactive semantics
[PDF] from knowledgegrid.netH Zhuge - Artificial Intelligence, 2010 - Elsevier
... of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China article info ...
of attached situation and the role of experience and metaphor in understanding ... The statistical,
document analysis and natural language processing approaches try to obtain semantics ... 
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Understanding text corpora with multiple facets
[PDF] from microsoft.comL Shi, F Wei, S Liu, L Tan... - ... Analytics Science and ..., 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
... visual metaphors to effectively illustrate the multi-faceted textual data and their evolutionary or ...
We also leverage Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques such as named entity
recognition, Part-of-Speech ... 11] and its derivatives [26][5][10] use a river metaphor to depict ... 
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Analysis and tracking of emotions in english and bengali texts: a computational approach
[PDF] from www2011india.comD Das - Proceedings of the 20th international conference ..., 2011 - portal.acm.org
... perspectives rather than fine- grained emotions [1]. A wide range of Natural Language Processing
(NLP) tasks ... Emotion analysis related to the effect of metaphors (especially in blogs) is another ...
Construction of a Blog Emotion Corpus for Chinese Emotional Expression Analysis. ... 
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Hierarchical Bayesian language models for conversational speech recognition
[PDF] from ed.ac.ukS Huang... - Audio, Speech, and Language ..., 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
... It was argued by Goldwater et al. [11] that a Pitman-Yor process is more suitable as a prior
distribution than a Dirichlet distribution to applications in natural language processing, as the
power-law ... Following the Chinese restaurant metaphor discussed in section II-A3 ... 
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A Tutorial on Bayesian Nonparametric Models
[PDF] from arxiv.orgSJ Gershman... - Arxiv preprint arXiv:1106.2697, 2011 - arxiv.org
... Intuitively, a larger value of a will produce more occupied tables (and fewer customers per table).
4The Chinese restaurant metaphor is due to Pitman and Dubins, who were inspired by the
seemingly infinite seating capacity of Chinese restaurants in San Francisco. 5 Page 6. ... 
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Online Amazigh concordancer
S Boulaknadel... - I/V Communications and Mobile ..., 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
... readers, to minimize the ambiguity of literary puns, to allow metaphors' discovery, and ... have been
made available also for other languages, such as Chinese [7], Arabic [8 ... on elaborating and
developing all the Amazigh linguistic rules and natural language processing tools, such ... 
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Olga Boriskina
B Cartoni - Book of abstracts, 2010 - host.uniroma3.it
... discussed in the paper is targeted at a better understanding of metaphor in Modern ... analysis of
a noun's cryptotype distribution indicates the hierarchy of metaphors or image ... take part of
numerous phenomena that need to be addressed in Natural Language Processing (NLP). ... 
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[PDF] Trends in Natural Language Processing and Text Mining
[PDF] from cepis.orgJ Pueyo... - 2010 - cepis.org
... Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, developed in the field of computational linguistics,
are certainly taking advan- tage of this fact ... Chinese, Spanish, English, Arabic, German or French
language users in the world add up to around 2,000 ... Metaphors We Live By. ... 
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Overview of cognitive visualisation
T Dillon... - ... (DEST), 2011 Proceedings of the 5th ..., 2011 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
... better text summarization methods and development of alternate visual metaphors for document ...
text (KDT) with the aid of analytic functions such as NL (Natural language processing) and IR ...
ACM conference on Information and knowledge management, Hong Kong, China, 2009 ... 
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Cross-caption coreference resolution for automatic image understanding
[PDF] from aclweb.orgM Hodosh, P Young, C Rashtchian... - Proceedings of the ..., 2010 - portal.acm.org
... Figure 2 (ig- noring the modifiers / attributes for now) illustrates the Chinese restaurant franchise
interpretation of our model. Using this metaphor, there are a se- ries of restaurants (= images),
each consisting of a potentially infinite number of tables (= entities), that are ... 
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[PDF] That's What She Said: Double Entendre Identification
[PDF] from washington.eduC Kiddon... - Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of ..., 2011 - cs.washington.edu
... In Human Language Technology Conference / Conference on Empir- ical Methods in Natural
Language Processing (HLT/EMNLP05). ... Mining millions of metaphors. Literary and Linguistic
Computing, 23(3). ... 2010. Automatic metaphor inter- pretation as a paraphrasing task. ... 
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The Significance of a New Mathematical Model for Web Science, E-science, and E-commerce
VA Fomichov - Semantics-Oriented Natural Language Processing, 2010 - Springer
... Since 1996, UNO has been funding a large-scale project aimed at the design of a family of natural
language processing systems (NLPSs ... the NLPSs for six official UNO languages are being
elaborated (English, Arabic, Spanish, Chinese, Russian, and French), and also for nine ... 
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Pinpointing the Choice: Meaning and the Search for Equivalents in a Translated Text
MAK Halliday - Appliable linguistics, 2010 - books.google.com
... He used various metaphors along the way; one was that of the spectrum ... the city and its
surrounding region, which is one of China's most outstanding ... including some educational (eg
language across the curriculum), some computational (natural language processing) and others ... 
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Construction and analysis of educational assessments using knowledge maps with weight appraisal of concepts
CY Su, TI Wang - Computers & Education, 2010 - Elsevier
... underlying relationships of the knowledge sources, using a map metaphor for spatial ... Besides
knowledge maps, KMAAS combines natural language processing and machine learning
technologies for ... Chinese sentences are characterized by the absence of delimiters to mark ... 
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IRIS: A Student
DL Anderson, JF Gottlieb, EJ Thill... - 2010 - aaai.org
... this topic in the abstract, referencing the Turing Test and Searle's Chinese Room, among ... that
none the less is able to problem solve and perform natural language processing through either ...
work has been done attempting to extend PT's capabilities to analogy and metaphor. ... 
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Social mapping of contacts from computer communication information
SD Farnham, A Turski, W Portnoy... - US Patent ..., 2010 - Google Patents
... to file hierarchies, or alphabetically. A new metaphor is needed for computer social
information in place of the conventional metaphors on which task-ori- ented
computing is based. Accordingly, a social network metaphor is ... 
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[BOOK] Tropical Truth (s): The Epistemology of Metaphor and Other Tropes
A Burkhardt... - 2010 - books.google.com
... 157 Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt (Hanover, D) Natural Language Processing: Minds, brains, and
programmes ... be mentioned here is that of James Bono who discusses the role of metaphor in
science ... He writes: Metaphors are neither true nor false, but rather are simply more or less ... 
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[PDF] A Cognitive-Based Approach to Identify Topics in Text Using the Web as a Knowledge Source
[PDF] from rmit.edu.auL Massey... - Ontology Learning and Knowledge ..., 2010 - goanna.cs.rmit.edu.au
... 3) inherent challenges of processing natural language such as handling ambiguity and metaphor. ...
However, natural language processing is dependent on intense knowledge handcraft- ing and
is computationally expensive. ... China Daily Says Vermin Eat 7-12 Pct Grain Stocks. ... 
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A comparative study of TF* IDF, LSI and multi-words for text classification
W Zhang, T Yoshida... - Expert Systems with Applications, 2010 - Elsevier
... because of its conceptual simplicity and the appeal of the underlying metaphor of using ... 60873072,
and 60803023; the National Hi-Tech R&D Plan of China under Grant No. ... of the COLING/ACL
98 Workshop on Usage of WordNet in Natural Language Processing Systems, 45-52 ... 
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[PDF] Data-driven Natural Language Generation: Making Machines Talk Like Humans Using Natural Corpora
[PDF] from cmu.eduB Langner - 2010 - cs.cmu.edu
... ances. An obvious method for this is to use actual human-generated examples to train a
generation system. Many areas in natural language processing and speech technology
have been able to benefit from applying machine learning and statisti- ... 
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Spoken Language Dialogue Models
K Jokinen - Speech Technology, 2010 - Springer
... What is missing is the mechanism to take care of the speakers' intentions and the coherence
of the dialogue. The SHRDLU-program [151] wasa milestone in the sense that it showed
that automatic natural language processing was indeed possible. ... 
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Embodied language, best-fit analysis, and formal compositionality
[PDF] from computational-logic.orgJ Feldman - Physics of life reviews, 2010 - Elsevier
... It is not surprising that such utterances are harder, again challenging the strong
compositionality position. To illustrate a more fundamental limitation of strong compositionality,
consider the example of the ditransitive construction in Mandarin Chinese. ... 
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Syntactic topic models
[PDF] from arxiv.orgJ Boyd-Graber... - Arxiv preprint arXiv:1002.4665, 2010 - arxiv.org
... 5 Page 6. Computational Linguistics Volume 1, Number 1 whose infinite sum is
one. This can be understood with a stick-breaking metaphor. Consider a unit length
stick that is infinitely broken into smaller and smaller pieces. ... 
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Future Patent Search
JI Tait... - Current Challenges in Patent Information Retrieval, 2011 - Springer
... and document sorting will be available: for exam- ple pile sorting metaphors as well ... of automated
categorisation and clas- sification of patent documents using natural language processing and
analysis ... Harper and Kelly [56], for example, have show a pile sorting metaphor to be ... 
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[CITATION] Metaphor and the Context of Use: A Multidimensional Approach
L Nicaise - Metaphor and Symbol, 2010 - Psychology Press
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[PDF] The representation of polysemy through vectors: some building blocks for constructing models and applications with LSA
[PDF] from elsemantico.comG Jorge-Botana, JA León, R Olmos... - Int. J. Cont. Engineering ..., 2011 - elsemantico.com
... He even investigates the difference between metaphors that are simple and ... Kintsch, W. (2000)
'Metaphor comprehension: a computational theory', Psyhonomic Bulletin and ... performance', Paper
presented at Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing - RANLP 2001 ... 
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Pedro Fuertes-Olivera (ed.) Specialised Dictionaries for Learners. Lexicographica Series Maior 136.
MO Ptaszynski... - International Journal of ..., 2010 - Oxford Univ Press
... specialised knowledge, culture, linguistics, equivalence, etc.), so some semi-automatic natural
language processing has to ... if the expression in question is easily identifiable as a metaphor and
its ... In other cases, especially those of dead or far-fetched metaphors like benchmark ... 
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Rewriting the orthography of SMS messages
F Yvon - Natural Language Engineering, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... A third metaphor, proposed in Kobus, Yvon, and Damnati (2008a), draws inspiration from some
similarities between the SMS language and speech and ... This paper is organized as follows: In
Section 2, we discuss three metaphors for the normalization of SMS; we then give a ... 
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Metadata and the Use of XML
PM Nadkarni - Metadata-driven Software Systems in Biomedicine, 2011 - Springer
... for Bold, <P> for para- graph markers), and now everyone from China to Brazil ... XML dialects for
specific • purposes: we discuss an application in biomedicine, natural language processing of
medical ... This is because the display metaphors that are suitable for XML (highly nested ... 
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Ontology summarization: an analysis and an evaluation
[PDF] from open.ac.ukN Li, E Motta... - 2010 - oro.open.ac.uk
... The International Workshop on Evaluation of Semantic Technologies (IWEST 2010), 08 Nov 2010,
Shanghai, China. ... as tree elements were generally found to be a poor metaphor for user ... By the
definition of "summary" in natural language processing given in [13], the features of ... 
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Text Mining and Information Extraction
M Ben-Dov... - Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery ..., 2010 - Springer
... The tokenizer performs this function. In English text, this process is fairly simple since white
spaces and punctuation marks separate words. In other languages (eg, Chinese, Japanese),
in which spaces do not separate words, this process is more complex. ... 
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[PDF] Identifying Emotional Expressions, Intensities and Sentence level Emotion Tags using a Supervised Framework
[PDF] from dasdipankar.comD Das... - 2010 - dasdipankar.com
... proposed in (Neviarouskaya et al., 2007) processes symbolic cues and employs natural language
processing techniques for ... The handling of metaphors and their impact in detecting sentence level
emotion is not ... A preliminary research of Chinese emotion classification model. ... 
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From Static Textual Display of Patents to Graphical Interactions
S Koch... - Current Challenges in Patent Information Retrieval, 2011 - Springer
... understanding all its technical and legal details, even considering the impressive progress in
natural language processing and simi ... The currently selected aspect (PR China) is marked ... The
latter combines visual metaphors and textual artefacts and presents them in a way similar ... 
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Multimodal Dialogue for Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
[PDF] from gmu.eduR López-Cózar... - Handbook of Ambient Intelligence and Smart ..., 2010 - Springer
... These systems go beyond both the desktop metaphor and the traditional speech-only interfaces
by incorporating several ... the user to employ different input modalities, some of these technologies
are automatic speech recognition [62], natural language processing [12], face ... 
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[PDF] Getting to the bottom of how language works
[PDF] from tshwanedje.comGM De Schryver - A way with words: recent advances in lexical ..., 2010 - tshwanedje.com
... Literal meaning and metaphorical meaning are complementary concepts - two sides of a single
coin. With this we have arrived at yet another research interest of Patrick, namely metaphors
and figurative language (cf., eg, Hanks 2005c, 2006e, 2008a, 2010a). ... 
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[PDF] Using Probabilistic Tree Substitution Grammars
[PDF] from brown.eduB Swanson - 2011 - cs.brown.edu
... This work combines three relatively distinct threads of research in natural language processing
and machine learning ... We define a set of DP distributed Gk s , one for each (s, k). The Chinese
Restaurant Process (CRP ... To explain this we use the metaphors of the CRP, assuming a ... 
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Reference frames of space and time in language
T Tenbrink - Journal of Pragmatics, 2011 - Elsevier
... ie, contextuallyanchored)aswellasnon-deicticways(McTaggart,1908;Traugott,1978);
ontheotherhand,temporalconcepts represent two complementary metaphors, MOVING TIME ...
Further confusions may arise from different conceptions of the notion of metaphor (Tyler and Evans ... 
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Sentence Level Emotion Tagging on Blog and News Corpora
D Das... - Journal of Intelligent Systems, 2010 - reference-global.com
... Not only QA and IR but also a wide range of other Natural Language Processing tasks has started
to use emotional information. ... Obviously, some pragmatic and discourse-level analyses (eg idioms,
metaphors etc.) are also necessary to track the actual context of the different ... 
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Index of subjects, terms and languages
F Catalan, M Catalan... - Romance Linguistics 2009: ..., 2010 - books.google.com
... 271 BRANNER, David Prager (ed.): The Chinese Rime Tables. ... Galia ANGELOVA and Ruslan
MITKOV (eds.): Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing III. ... VANDENBERGEN,
Anne-Marie, Miriam TAVERNIERS and Louise J. RAVELLI (eds.): Grammatical Metaphor. ... 
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Bayesian Nonparametric Methods for Learning Markov Switching Processes
[PDF] from berkeley.eduEB Fox, EB Sudderth, MI Jordan... - Signal Processing ..., 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
... problem arises in a variety of applications, in areas as diverse as speech recognition,
computational biology, natural language processing, finance, and ... induced by the sequence of
conditional distributions in (7) is commonly referred to as the Chinese restaurant process. ... 
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Human-to-human interfaces: emerging trends and challenges
A Gentile, A Santangelo, S Sorce... - International Journal of ..., 2011 - Inderscience
... The established familiarity of the common HCI paradigms and metaphors can make
it difficult to revise the principles of interaction people are used to. The desktop
metaphor is so familiar that it can be hard to switch to another one. ... 
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Chapter 2: Next generation web search
R Baeza-Yates... - Search Computing, 2010 - Springer
... goal of the engine is not to retrieve relevant documents (the classical metaphor for three ... Entity
extraction is one of the simplest natural language processing tasks, al- though in the context of ...
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on World Wide Web, Beijing, China, pp ... 
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picoTrans: an icon-driven user interface for machine translation on mobile devices
W Song, AM Finch, K Tanaka-Ishii... - Proceedings of the 15th ..., 2011 - portal.acm.org
... The general layout of the application uses the pocket calculator as a metaphor. The interface
groups its interface elements into three distinct levels. ... In the natural language processing field
language models are commonly used to ensure that generated text is well- formed. ... 
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The influence of morphological structure on the processing of German prefixed verbs
[PDF] from gwz-berlin.deJ Heide, A Lorenz, A Meinunger... - ... Perspectives on Word ..., 2010 - books.google.com
Page 384. The influence of morphological structure on the processing of German
prefixed verbs Judith Heide, Antje Lorenz, Andre Meinunger, and Frank Burchert
1. Introduction 1.1. Polymorphemic words in the mental lexicon ... 
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How Spanish phonotactics informs psycholinguistic models of speech production
M Shelton, C Gerfen... - Romance Linguistics 2008: ..., 2010 - books.google.com
Page 258. How Spanish phonotactics informs psycholinguistic models of speech
production Michael Shelton, Chip Gerfen & Nicolás Gutiérrez Palma Occidental
College, The Pennsylvania State University & Universidad de ... 
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Understanding the role of conceptual relations in Word Sense Disambiguation
D Fernandez-Amoros... - Expert Systems with Applications, 2011 - Elsevier
... Keywords: natural language processing; computational linguistics; word sense disambiguation. ...
WordNet categories, Wordsmyth English Dictionary Thesaurus4 and CETA (Chinese English
Dictionary ... documents, where word senses have clearer distinctions, metaphors are less ... 
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Shifting senses in lexical semantic development
[PDF] from nyu.eduH Rabagliati, GF Marcus... - Cognition, 2010 - Elsevier
... facility for using context in sense resolution (a difficult task for natural language processing
algorithms), but ... appear to result from children's knowledge of the domains described by the
metaphor. ... that kindergartners were able to comprehend and explain novel metaphors like The ... 
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A Multi-Pronged Approach to Improving Semantic Extraction of News Video
[PDF] from cmu.eduAG Hauptmann, MY Chen, M Christel... - Journal of Signal ..., 2010 - Springer
... The TRECVID 2006 collection contains three different languages: Arabic, Chinese and English.
The video collection comes from 11 different sources, including different Arabic news, a variety
of Chinese news, CNN, NBC and MSNBC for English news. ... 
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Cognitive load in simultaneous interpreting: Existing theories new models
KG Seeber - Interpreting, 2011 - ingentaconnect.com
... Based on these findings, Broadbent (1958) proposed his filter theory (using the "bottleneck"
metaphor), suggesting the existence of one single channel of limited capacity that is able
to handle a limited amount of infor- mation at any given time. ... 
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Ludoliteracy: defining understanding and supporting games education
[PDF] from cmu.eduJP Zagal - 2010 - portal.acm.org
... Mateas, M. and A. Stern (2004). Natural Language Processing In Facade: Surface-text Processing. ...
The Fourth International Symposium on ELT in China, Beiking, PRC. ... "On two metaphors for
learning and the dangers of choosing just one." Educational Researcher 27: 4-13. ... 
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Optimol: automatic online picture collection via incremental model learning
[PDF] from psu.eduLJ Li... - International journal of computer vision, 2010 - Springer
... "Bag of words" model is frequently used in natural language processing and information
retrieval of text documents. ... 2006) metaphor to describe this procedure. Imagine multiple
Chinese restaurants serving the same set of dishes in the menu. ... 
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Cross-lingual comparison between distributionally determined word similarity networks
[PDF] from rug.nlO Görnerup... - ... Methods for Natural Language Processing, 2010 - portal.acm.org
Proceedings of the 2010 Workshop on Graph-based Methods for Natural Language Processing,
ACL 2010, pages 48-54, Uppsala, Sweden ... burma chechnya china ... occurrence, or a bare
distributional model such as those typically presented using a geometric metaphor, in that it ... 
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Scientometrics of big science: a case study of research in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
[PDF] from psu.eduJ Zhang, MS Vogeley... - Scientometrics, 2011 - akademiai.com
... of statistics of noun phrases and entropy analysis were built up using state-of-the-art natural
language processing techniques integrated in ... for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for
Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of ... 
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Optimal Interpretation for Rhetorical Relations
[PDF] from constraints-in-discourse.deH Zeevat - Constraints in discourse 2, 2010 - books.google.com
... do not contain an account of non-literal use of language, such as irony or metaphor. ... 1979) or
in ambiguity resolution as practiced in many current lines of work in natural language processing. ...
past tense on non-stative verbs in Dutch) or zero subjects as in Chinese (which are ... 
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[PDF] Measuring the Meaning of Political Concepts in Chinese Online Deliberation
[PDF] from michiza.comDX Zhou, M Gallagher, S Jackson, Q Mei... - 2010 - michiza.com
... Despite the problem of lack of support, Perry's paper did provide an intriguing viewpoint
to China studies - Chinese conception of rights is not necessarily consistent with the Western
literature. Perry's argument was echoed in other studies as well. ... 
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[CITATION] Psychological and Computational Models of Language Comprehension: In Defense of the Psychological Reality of Syntax
D Pereplyotchik - Croatian Journal of Philosophy, 2011
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To propose strategic suggestions for companies via IPC classification and association analysis
TF Chiu, CF Hong... - Intelligent Information and Database ..., 2011 - Springer
... by the National Science Council of the Republic of China under the ... M.: KeyGraph: Automatic
Indexing by Co- Occurrence Graph Based on Building Construction Metaphor. ... Stanford Natural
Language Processing Group, Stanford Log-linear Part-Of-Speech Tagger (October 15 ... 
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Linguistic Annotation
M Palmer... - ... and Natural Language Processing, 2010 - Wiley Online Library
... The Handbook of Computational Linguistics and Natural Language Processing Edited by
Alexander Clark, Chris Fox and Shalom Lappin (c) 2010 Blackwell Publishing ... At Penn, the Chinese
(Xue et al., 2005), Korean (Han et al., 2002) and Arabic (Maamouri & Bies, forthcoming ... 
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Combining Semantic Web technologies and Computational Theory of Perceptions for text generation in financial analysis
S Mendez-Nunez... - Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ), 2010 ..., 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
... These taxonomies are developed making use of XML, which provides a platform-independent
format. In some countries, reporting the information periodically in XBRL format is already
mandatory, eg, United Kingdom, France, South Africa, China, Australia, Spain, etc. ... 
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Identification of sense selection in regular polysemy using shallow features
[PDF] from utlib.eeHM Alonso, N Bel... - 2011 - dspace.utlib.ee
... act as a member of another semantic type without incurring in metaphor, as this ... In spite of the
GL's computational perspec- tive, Natural Language Processing (NLP) im- plementations that ...
are considered geopolitical lo- cations can be proper (Africa, Boston, China) or common ... 
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Computer knowledge representation format, system, methods, and applications
VP Tangirala - US Patent 7,860,815, 2010 - Google Patents
Page 1. US007860815B1 (12) United States Patent ao) Patent no.: us 7,860,815 bi
Tangirala (45) Date of Patent: Dec. 28,2010 (54) COMPUTER KNOWLEDGE
REPRESENTATION FORMAT, SYSTEM, METHODS, AND APPLICATIONS ... 
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Combining diverse systems for handwritten text line recognition
M Liwicki, H Bunke, JA Pittman... - Machine Vision and ..., 2011 - Springer
Page 1. Machine Vision and Applications DOI 10.1007/s00138-009-0208-9 ORIGINAL
PAPER Combining diverse systems for handwritten text line recognition Marcus Liwicki ·
Horst Bunke · James A. Pittman · Stefan Knerr Received ... 
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Context-Aware Multimodal Human-Computer Interaction
S Fitrianie, Z Yang, D Datcu, A Chitu... - Interactive Collaborative ..., 2010 - Springer
... grammar to interpret and convert visual messages into natural language text and speech by
adopting approaches of Natural Language Processing (Fig. ... 17 (a) Agent-based approach for
icon-based messages interpretation and (b) concept- based puzzle arrangement metaphor ... 
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Deliberate word access: an intuition, a roadmap and some preliminary empirical results
M Zock, O Ferret... - International Journal of Speech ..., 2010 - Springer
... built for the reader rather than for the writer Yet, to be fair one must say that there have been
onomasiological attempts ever since the be- ginning of the era of dictionary making, ie the middle
of the 19th century: Thesaurus (Roget 1852), The Chinese and ... are but metaphors. ... 
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Formulaicity and Translation: A Cross-corpora Analysis of English Formulaic Binomials and Their Italian Translations
S Giammarresi - Perspectives on Formulaic Language: ..., 2010 - books.google.com
... research on 235, 237-8 figurative patterns in 238-40 garden-path constituents 239-40
isomorphism in 250-2, 254-5 metaphor and metonymy ... cross-linguistic comparison 15-16, 61,
64, 65 on task variation impact on formulaic sequence use 50-1, 54-64 Chinese L2 learners ... 
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[PDF] Crowd-sourcing a word--emotion association lexicon
[PDF] from umd.eduSM Mohammad... - 2011 - umiacs.umd.edu
... Detecting how people use emotion-bearing-words and metaphors to persuade and coerce others
(for example, in propaganda) (Kovecses, 2003). ... arousal, feeling, and pain, but these have not
been exploited to a significant degree by the natural language processing community ... 
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DIGITAL AUDIO SIGNAL COMPRESSION METHOD AND APPARATUS
YA Reznik - US Patent App. 20,100/235,174, 2010 - freepatentsonline.com
... 20100010800, Automatic Pattern Generation In Natural Language Processing, January, 2010,
Rehberg. ... 20080052064, METHOD FOR SEARCHING FOR CHINESE CHARACTER USING TONE
MARK ... Next Patent: SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRESENTING METAPHORS. ... 
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Note: Italicized words point to a related item in the glossary.
A Grid - World Wide Research: Reshaping the Sciences and ..., 2010 - books.google.com
... The name is a metaphor for making substantial com- puting capabilities as ... Research CHASTE
Cancer, Heart, and Soft Tissue Environment CNGrid China National Grid ... United Kingdom) National
Institutes of Health (United States) natural-language processing National Science ... 
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Computers in the Human Interaction Loop
[PDF] from psu.eduA Waibel, R Stiefelhagen, R Carlson... - Handbook of Ambient ..., 2010 - Springer
... The human metaphor can be strengthened further by adding a visual embodiment to the system. ...
Intelligent solutions for human information needs in a smart room scenario also re- quire natural
language processing technologies such as summarization and question answering ... 
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Plants of the gods and shaman c journeys
EK Perry... - New Horizons in the Neuroscience of ..., 2010 - books.google.com
... In one particular traditional Chinese medical practice, the concept of Qi (as an all pervasive energy
that can be chan- nelled or re distributed to enhance health) is based on the proposed existence
of energy fields within (meridia ... Quantum physics and the dream metaphor. ... 
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A hybrid approach for learning concept hierarchy from Malay text using artificial immune network
MZA Nazri, SM Shamsuddin, AA Bakar... - Natural Computing, 2011 - Springer
... that there are three main weaknesses in learning concept hierarchy from text: (1) the erroneous
inputs from natural language processing tools, eg ... Therefore, based on the metaphor of clonal
selection and expansion, affinity maturation and idiotypic immune network, this work ... 
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Fuzzy Adaptive Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Discrete Environments
MH Zahedi... - Innovations in Computing Sciences and ..., 2010 - Springer
... 1- INTRODUCTION The Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, originally developed by
Kennedy and Eberhart [1], is a method for optimization on metaphor of social behavior ... of the Third
International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC), China, 24-27 August 2007 ... 
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MARTHA PALMER
N XUE - ... Linguistics and Natural Language Processing, 2010 - books.google.com
... These and other annotated corpora have led to the train- ing of stochastic natural language
processing components which have resulted in high-level ... At Penn, the Chinese (Xue et al., 2005),
Korean (Han et al., 2002) and Arabic (Maamouri & Bies, forthcoming) tree- banks have ... 
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Going Beyond Patterns: Involving Cognitive Analysis in the Learning of Collocations
D Liu - TESOL Quarterly, 2010 - ingentaconnect.com
... 1 For example, this overview does not cover recent psycholinguistic and natural language
processing research. ... For example, although the word run has the same core meaning of fast
motion in both English and Chinese, it boasts a much more extended semantic mapping in ... 
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10 Linguistic Annotation
M PALMER... - ... and Natural Language Processing, 2010 - books.google.com
... These and other annotated corpora have led to the train- ing of stochastic natural language
processing components which have resulted in high-level ... At Penn, the Chinese (Xue et al., 2005),
Korean (Han et al., 2002) and Arabic (Maamouri & Bies, forthcoming) tree- banks have ... 
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OpinionSeer: Interactive Visualization of Hotel Customer Feedback
[PDF] from microsoft.comY Wu, F Wei, S Liu, N Au, W Cui... - ... , IEEE Transactions on, 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
... Hong Zhou is with the Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. ... [1] dis- covered that mainland
Chinese are generally ... Moreover, instead of inventing an unfamiliar visual representation, we
augment familiar visual metaphors to convey the results from complex opinion analy- sis. ... 
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Metaphorical competence in EFL: Where are we and where should we be going? A view from the language classroom
F MacArthur - AILA Review, 2010 - ingentaconnect.com
... Among the many thorny issues that are still unresolved are how to distinguish between metaphor
and metonymy, whether metaphor is located in thought or in language, whether metaphors create
or draw attention to similarities between entities and processes, why metaphor is ... 
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Graphic Visualization of the Co-Occurrence Analysis Network of Lung Cancer In-Patient Nursing Record
M Kushima, K Araki, M Suzuki... - Information Science ..., 2010 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
... to artificial processes implemented in computers, which are the subject of natural language
processing. ... by co-occurrence graph based on building construction metaphor," In Proc ... the 5th
WSEAS International Conference on Applied Computer Science, Hangzhou, China, April 16 ... 
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Semantic linking through spaces for cyber-physical-socio intelligence: A methodology
[PDF] from knowledgegrid.netH Zhuge - Artificial Intelligence, 2011 - Elsevier
... at IFIP World Computer Congress AI2010, Brisbane, Australia, and the presentation at SKG2010,
China. ... It was firstly used in natural language processing, and then developed by Collins etc [13]. ...
Social semantics is the explanation, indication, or metaphor of natural and socio ... 
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D2. 5 LTfLL roadmap
[PDF] from ou.nlG Burek, D Gerdemann, S Trausan-Matu... - 2011 - dspace.ou.nl
... Conceptually, this brought along a change in user interface and underlying metaphors. Whereas
classical learning management systems had been working with a portal or window metaphor,
these new personal learning environments resembled rivers, with activity flowing ... 
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Biomedical question answering: A survey
[PDF] from drexel.eduSJ Athenikos... - Computer methods and programs in biomedicine, 2010 - Elsevier
... Question Answering (QA), unlike traditional Information Retrieval (IR), aims to provide inquirers
with direct, precise answers to their questions, by employing Information Extraction (IE) and Natural
Language Processing (NLP) techniques, instead of providing a large number of ... 
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Lexicon-based methods for sentiment analysis
[PDF] from sfu.caM Taboada, J Brooke, M Tofiloski, K Voll... - Computational ..., 2011 - MIT Press
... Wan (2009) uses co-training in a method that uses English labeled data and an English classifier
to learn a classifier for Chinese. ... We find that the grammatical metaphor (Halliday 1985), that is,
the use of a noun to refer to an action, adds a more negative connotation to negative ... 
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Argumentation mining
R Mochales... - Artificial Intelligence and Law, 2011 - Springer
... Argumentation mining moves between natural language processing, argumentation theory and
information retrieval. ... from the UK, US, India, Australia, South Africa, Germany, China, Russia and ...
lack some natural language problems, such as extensive use of metaphor or high ... 
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[HTML] Interoperability and information brokers in public safety: an approach toward seamless emergency communications
[HTML] from scielo.clA Kuehn, M Kaschewsky, A Kappeler... - Journal of theoretical ..., 2011 - SciELO Chile
... Nonetheless, it remains a valuable metaphor for what the development of emergency ... be limited
[73], and variations in terminology or nuances in metaphors may lead ... Second, text-based
information can be analyzed using natural language processing techniques for extracting ... 
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A methodology to learn ontological attributes from the Web
[PDF] from urv.catD Sánchez - Data & Knowledge Engineering, 2010 - Elsevier
... approaches [43]. As with hyponymy/hypernymy, one may define linguistic patterns
which express roles [54], metaphor and simile [70] or other kind of relationships
such as meronymy, holonymy, telicity, etc. [45]. For example ... 
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Linguistic Structure Prediction
[PDF] from cmu.eduNA Smith - Synthesis Lectures on Human Language ..., 2011 - morganclaypool.com
... Spoken Dialogue Systems Kristiina Jokinen and Michael McTear 2009 Introduction to Chinese
Natural Language Processing Kam-Fai Wong, Wenjie Li, Ruifeng Xu, and Zheng-sheng Zhang
2009 Introduction to Linguistic Annotation and Text Analytics Graham Wilcock 2009 ... 
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Summarizing short stories
[PDF] from aclweb.orgA Kazantseva... - Computational Linguistics, 2010 - MIT Press
... In addition, the variety of literary devices (the widespread use of metaphor and figurative language,
leaving things unsaid and relying on the ... for these features is that true location mentions are more
likely to occur inside prepositional phrases, such as from Chicago or to China. ... 
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[DOC] Supply chain coordination with two production modes and random demand depending on advertising expenditure and selling price
[DOC] from 202.38.232.210SD Wang, YW Zhou, JP Wang... - NONLINEAR ..., 2010 - 202.38.232.210
... Tong Univ,Financial Engn Res Ctr,Shanghai 200052//Peoples R China/ (REPRINT); Shanghai
Jiao Tong Univ,Financial Engn Res Ctr,Shanghai 200052//Peoples R China/; S China Univ
Technol ,Sch Business Adm,Guangzhou 510641 //Peoples R China/; Chinese Univ Hong ... 
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Segmentation and morphology
[PDF] from uchicago.eduJA Goldsmith - ... Linguistics and Natural Language Processing, 2010 - Wiley Online Library
... our knowledge of morphology in computational systems in order to improve performance in natural
language processing? ... 1.3 Static and dynamic metaphors ... Linguists working on Chinese and
Japanese have contributed significantly to improvements in our understanding of this ... 
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A case study of ETL for operational risks
V Grossi... - Operational Risk Management, 2010 - Wiley Online Library
... 5.2.4 Pentaho data integration As mentioned above, several commercial tools support the ETL
process. These systems adopt a visual metaphor; the process is modeled as a workflow of trans-
formation tasks with data flowing from data sources to data destinations. ... 
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A mixture model with sharing for lexical semantics
[PDF] from aclweb.orgJ Reisinger... - ... Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2010 - portal.acm.org
Proceedings of the 2010 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing,
pages 1173-1182 ... club), but are not suitable for representing the common metaphor structure
found ... tiered clustering model with cluster indicators drawn from the Chinese Restau- rant ... 
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[PDF] Inferring Group Processes From Computer-Mediated Affective Text Analysis
[PDF] from ornl.govJC Schryver, E Begoli, A Jose... - 2011 - info.ornl.gov
... single channel of communication. Text analysis is an applied research field that is
largely dependent on achievements in the academic discipline of natural language
processing (NLP) or computational linguistics. NLP is a very ... 
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[PDF] Cross-cutting Models of Distributional Lexical Semantics
[PDF] from utexas.eduJS Reisinger - 2010 - cs.utexas.edu
... eg people have the intution that China is more similar to North Korea than North Korea is to China)
as well as ... Capturing the multiple overlapping clustering structure of natural concepts leads to
improvements on a range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks: question ... 
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[PDF] Harvesting and understanding on-line neologisms
[PDF] from ucd.ieT Veale... - Cognitive Perspectives on Word Formation, 2010 - afflatus.ucd.ie
... words are likely to be encountered in any text to which NLP (Natural Language Processing)
technologies are ... As Ferguson (2007) puts it, America and China are no longer two distinct
countries ... allow us to sidestep the awkward issues of hyperbolae and metaphor that frequently ... 
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Russian verbs of motion
[PDF] from umd.eduK Gor, S Cook, V Malyushenkova... - New Approaches to ..., 2010 - books.google.com
Page 372. chapter 15 Russian verbs of motion Second language acquisition and
cognitive linguistics perspectives* Kira Gor, Svetlana Cook, Vera Malyushenkova
and Tatyana Vdovina University of Maryland The results of three ... 
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Choosing the best tools for comparative analyses of texts
E Mollet, A Wray, T Fitzpatrick... - ... Journal of Corpus ..., 2010 - ingentaconnect.com
... be possible in a computer parser" (p. 2). In particular, they emphasized the need to deal with
idiom, metaphor, inferred meanings ... Turner and Greene's assertions regarding the
single-proposition status of many multi- word strings, including idioms and metaphors, and ... 
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SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR USING LINGUAL HIERARCHY, CONNOTATION AND WEIGHT OF AUTHORITY
S Kuruvilla - US Patent App. 12/839,172, 2010 - Google Patents
... 110 may be configured to suggest syn- onymous words, concepts and metaphors for elaborating ...
include, but is not limited to English, Spanish, French, German, Chinese, Japanese, Rus ... The
substitution or removal of stop words may be a natural language processing (NLP) step ... 
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Polymer Informatics
N Adams - [Without Title], 2010 - Springer
... 90,000 metric tons in 2007 to 1,00,000 metric tons in 2008 and the percentage increase in LLDPE
use in China is in ... Chemoinformatics has very successfully adopted this representation and based
many of its techniques around the metaphor of the "connection table", ie, a list of ... 
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Perspectives on keywords and keyness
M Bondi - Keyness in Texts, 2010 - books.google.com
... 2. In the field of natural language processing, computational linguistics and corpus linguistics,
research on 'n ... 3. The keyness metaphor and text interpretation: Subject matter and organization
The ... sets out a method for semi-automatic identification of metaphors and demonstrates ... 
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[PDF] The Indian Buffet Process: An Introduction and Review
[PDF] from mit.eduTL Griffiths... - Journal of Machine Learning ..., 2011 - jmlr.csail.mit.edu
... The Chinese restaurant process (CRP) was named by Jim Pitman and Lester Dubins, based
upon a metaphor in which the objects are customers in a restaurant, and the classes are the tables
at which they sit (the process first appears in Aldous 1985, where it is attributed to ... 
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The ideology of intelligent tutoring systems
FJ Yang - ACM Inroads, 2010 - portal.acm.org
... With the dramatic improvement of technologies in multime- dia, internet and natural language
processing, most of the tutoring systems nowadays are much ... Xian, China, Pages 78 - 83 ... Mental
Models and Metaphors: Implications for the Design of Adaptive User-System Interfaces ... 
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Semantic-Preserving Word Clouds by Seam Carving
Y Wu, T Provan, F Wei, S Liu... - Computer Graphics ..., 2011 - Wiley Online Library
... 2 Mircrosoft Research Asia, Beijing, China. ... ThemeRiver [HHWN02] and its derivatives [LZP*09,
DGWC10, SWL*10] use a river metaphor to depict the thematic variation ... 2. [Ope] OpenNLP: an
organizational center for open source projects related to natural language processing. ... 
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Code-switching
P Auer... - Society and Language Use, 2010 - books.google.com
... out of context, it may evoke the aspects of the situation in which it would normally be expected,
thus becoming meaningful as a metaphor of that ... The following example-a recording of members
of the Chinese population in the UK-is a case in point: (4)(from Li Wei 1994: 166 ... 
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[CITATION] The Oxford handbook of linguistic analysis
B Heine... - 2010 - Oxford University Press, USA
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Knowledge mapping for rapidly evolving domains: A design science approach
Y Dang, Y Zhang, PJH Hu, SA Brown... - Decision Support Systems, 2010 - Elsevier
... Natural language processing (NLP) and content analysis represent common approaches to text
mining. ... A 3D representation displays information as three-dimensional visual objects, with common
metaphors such as rooms [6], bookshelves [6], or buildings [2]. Multi-dimensional ... 
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The algebra of lexical semantics
[PDF] from bme.huA Kornai - The Mathematics of Language, 2010 - Springer
... However, for words inside the field such as worship even usage external to the field
relies on the field-internal metaphor, so the core/defining sense of the word is the
one inside. Conversely, if usage does not require the field ... 
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Analysing Conversation
CMIM Matthiessen... - The SAGE Handbook of ..., 2010 - books.google.com
... and social psychology, philosophy and artificial intelligence (AI), human- computer interaction
(HCI) and natural language processing (NLP). ... and it was originally grounded in his own
experience of doing fieldwork in China in the late 1940s, in his work on Chinese text and ... 
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[PDF] Semi-supervised learning for biomedical information extraction
[PDF] from 128.232.0.20A Vlachos - 2010 - 128.232.0.20
... extraction. The latter has emerged in recent years as a challenging application domain for natural
language processing techniques. ... extraction (BioIE). BioIE has emerged in recent years as a
challenging application domain for natural language processing (NLP) components. ... 
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Searching for Compact Hierarchical Structures in DNA by means of the Smallest Grammar Problem
[PDF] from archives-ouvertes.frM Gallé - 2011 - tel.archives-ouvertes.fr
... "DNA-as-language is one of modern science's most powerful metaphors [...] But maybe language
is more than just a metaphor. Maybe - just like Sanskrit, Chinese and English - DNA really is
a language, with a grammar and syntax that determines how meaning is created." ... 
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THE ROLE OF TRANSLATION THEORY IN THE TEACHING OF GENERAL AND NON-LITERARY TRANSLATION-REVISITED
B Maia - Meaning in Translation, 2010 - books.google.com
... understanding of the implications of computer assisted translation tools and natural language
processing, and a ... artificial intelligence might deal with certain situations, and the metaphor of
the ... An Anthology of Chinese Discourse on Translation, Volume 1: From Earliest Times to ... 
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[PDF] Emotion Cause Events: Corpus Construction and Analysis
[PDF] from lrec-conf.orgSYM Lee, C Ying... - Proceedings of The Seventh ..., 2010 - lrec-conf.org
... is triggered by cause events and that cause events are an integral part of emotion, this paper
constructs a Chinese emotion cause ... textual emotion analysis has begun to attract plenty of
attention and has been a popular topic for research in Natural Language Processing (NLP). ... 
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METHOD AND SYSTEM OF OPTIMIZING CONTEXT-DATA ACQUISITION BY A MOBILE DEVICE
A Karmarkar... - US Patent App. 12/838,418, 2010 - Google Patents
... and communication protocol to no more than 140 bytes which translates to 160 7-bit characters
based on a default 128-character set defined in GSM specifi- cation 03.38, 140 8-bit characters,
or 70 16-bit characters for languages such as Arabic, Chinese, Japanese, Korean ... 
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[PDF] Computational Generation of Dream-like Narrative: Reflections on The Uncanny Dream Machine
[PDF] from voisen.orgSE Voisen - 2010 - voisen.org
... creation is actually creative or actually intelligent, an attitude that renders the Chinese Room
Argument and its kin moot. ... Computers have enough challenges understanding the meaning
behind a single word, let alone the rich metaphor and symbolism that Freud ... 
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[PDF] An Automated Individual Feedback and Marking System: An Empirical Study
[PDF] from ejel.orgT Barker - Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 2011 - ejel.org
Page 1. ISSN 1479-4403 1 (c)Academic Publishing International Ltd Reference this
paper as: Barker, T. "An Automated Individual Feedback and Marking System: An
Empirical Study" The Electronic Journal of e-Learning Volume ... 
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[BOOK] Information retrieval architecture and algorithms
G Kowalski - 2011 - books.google.com
Page 1. Gerald Kowalski Retrieval Architecture and Algorithms Springer Page 2.
Information Retrieval Architecture and Algorithms Page 3. Gerald Kowalski Information
Retrieval Architecture and Algorithms 1 3 Page 4. Gerald ... 
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The learnability of abstract syntactic principles
[PDF] from psu.eduA Perfors, JB Tenenbaum... - Cognition, 2010 - Elsevier
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Lettered Words
[PDF] from ohio-state.eduH Riha... - Variation and change in morphology: selected ..., 2010 - books.google.com
... 1. Introduction As China continues to internationalize, the Chinese language is showing
the effects of this development through greater contact with English. One resulting trend
is the use of a new type of borrowing called 'lettered words'(zìmu?cí). ... 
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[PDF] MSc Computer Science Dissertation Analysing Document Similarity Measures
[PDF] from ox.ac.ukE Grefenstette... - 2010 - cs.ox.ac.uk
... 20 2.1.3 Davidson on Similarity in Metaphors . . ... Much gratefulness is due to Edward Loper and
Stephen Bird, not only for de- veloping the Natural Language Processing Toolkit and writing an
amazingly clear companion book, but also for taking the time to answer my many ques ... 
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[BOOK] Digital Review of Asia Pacific 2009-2010
[HTML] from google.comS Akhtar... - 2010 - books.google.com
... Kenichi Ohmae's (1990) metaphor of a 'Borderless World' and Thomas Friedman's (2005) concept
of a ... to dramatic changes in the international economic and financial environ- ment, the Chinese
economy faces ... is one of the key suppliers of natural resources to China, has said ... 
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IEnglish Language
V Haser, A Auer, B Botma, M Elenbaas... - The Year's Work in ..., 2010 - English Assoc
... It is difficult to say whether this particular linguistic feature had turned into a shibboleth as
'[c]omments about social class are usually coded in metaphor, and it is not easy to judge precisely
who might have been polite, fashionable or elegant speakers in a given generation' (p ... 
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LOCOST: A Personal Scientific Document Management System
M Lin - 2011 - thesis.lib.ncu.edu.tw
... Language, zh-TW.Big5 Chinese. ... 111-120, 2006 [30]Nardi, B. and Barreau, D., "Finding and
reminding revisited: appropriate metaphors for file ... 1, Article 4, 2010 [39]Tiwary, US and Siddiqui,
T., "Natural language processing and information retrieval", Oxford University Press, USA ... 
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[PDF] Extraction and Classification of Named Entities
[PDF] from utl.ptDC de Oliveira - 2010 - dspace.ist.utl.pt
... of people, places, and organizations, as well as different types of numeric and temporal
expressions. It is an interdisciplinary task, key to Natural Language Processing (NLP), that
mobilizes, on the one ... NLP Natural Language Processing Processamento de Língua Natural ... 
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Implementing computer corpora as a source in English language teaching (ELT)
[PDF] from univie.ac.atA Hable - 2010 - othes.univie.ac.at
Page 1. Diplomarbeit Titel der Diplomarbeit "Implementing computer corpora as a source in
English Language Teaching (ELT)" Verfasserin Alexandra Hable angestrebter akademischer
Grad Magistra der Philosophie (Mag.phil.) Wien, im Dezember 2010 Studienkennzahl lt. ... 
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A world survey of artificial brain projects Part I: Large-scale brain simulations
[PDF] from patternsinthevoid.netH de Garis, C Shuo, B Goertzel... - Neurocomputing, 2010 - Elsevier
... Systems, Cognitive Science Department, School of Information Science and Technology, Xiamen
University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, b Novamente ... Pursuing the questionable metaphor
further, Modha s work would then be (very loosely!) analogous to a simulator that ... 
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14 Segmentation and Morphology
JA GOLDSMITH - ... Linguistics and Natural Language Processing, 2010 - books.google.com
... of morphology in computational systems in order to improve performance in natural language
processing? ... 1.3 Static and dynamic metaphors In?ectional morphology is complex in most ... Linguists
working on Chinese and Japanese have contributed signi?cantly to improvements ... 
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[HTML] Scholarly Electronic Publishing Weblog
[HTML] from digital-scholarship.orgCW Bailey Jr - Scholarly Electronic Publishing Bibliography, 2011 - digital-scholarship.org
... Description in OAI-ORE," "Curation Micro-Services: A Pipeline Metaphor for Repositories ... Use
of Electronic Resources at Seven Universities in Wuhan, China"; and other ... Study on the Rich
Indexing of Archaeological Documents via Natural Language-Processing Techniques and ... 
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[PDF] Context-informed Knowledge Extraction from Document Collections to Support User Navigation
[PDF] from unito.itM Cataldi, C Schifanella, KS Candan... - Submitted to Internation ..., 2010 - di.unito.it
... Navigational possibilities are represented relying on the tag cloud metaphor: the
font sizes express the strength of the relationships among concepts and keywords. ...
world Asia Africa America Afghanistan Iraq China Canada US ... 
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[BOOK] Phraseology in Corpus-Based Translation Studies
M Ji - 2010 - books.google.com
... Non-cognate metaphors 116 4.4. ... and target texts at word or sentential level, which represents
one of the most difficult problems in natural language processing and machine ... Spanish into
Chinese did not come until 1978, a crucial year in the history of modern China when the ... 
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Towards an understanding of the distinctive nature of translation studies
HM El-dali - Journal of King Saud University-Languages and ..., 2011 - Elsevier
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Concept talk cannot be avoided
[PDF] from city.ac.ukJA Hampton - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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Messaging Forensic Framework for Cybercrime Investigation
[PDF] from concordia.caF Iqbal - 2011 - spectrum.library.concordia.ca
... NER Named Entity Recognition NLP Natural Language Processing DNA DeoxyriboNucleic Acid ...
In this thesis, we develop a forensic analysis framework for analyzing online mes- sages by
integrating data mining algorithms, natural language processing techniques, and ... 
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[PDF] LEXICAL DATABASE ENRICHMENT THROUGH SEMI-AUTOMATED MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS Volume 2
[PDF] from rockhouse.me.ukTM RICHENS - 2011 - rockhouse.me.uk
... Modifications 39 2 Investigation into WordNet 40 2.1 Word Senses 41 2.1.1 "I don't
believe in word senses" 41 2.1.1.1 Metaphor 42 2.1.1.2 Translation Equivalents 44
2.1.1.3 Conclusions on Word Senses 47 2.1.2 Granularity 48 2.1 ... 
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Studies on Relevance, Ranking and Results Display
[PDF] from arxiv.orgJ Gelernter, D Cao... - Arxiv preprint arXiv:1006.4535, 2010 - arxiv.org
Page 1. JOURNAL OF COMPUTING, VOLUME 2, ISSUE 6, JUNE 2010, ISSN 2151-9617
HTTPS://SITES.GOOGLE.COM/SITE/JOURNALOFCOMPUTING/ WWW.
JOURNALOFCOMPUTING.ORG Studies on Relevance, Ranking and Results Display ... 
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Visual Exploration Across Biomedical Databases
[PDF] from psu.eduMD Lieberman, S Taheri, H Guo... - IEEE IEEE/ACM ..., 2010 - computer.org
... In addition to increased digitization of biomedical publications, improved text mining and natural
language processing techniques allow for the ... They further commented that semantic substrates
offer a "useful visual metaphor" for exploring ever-expanding collections of semantic ... 
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[PDF] Intrinsic and Extrinsic Approaches to Recognizing Textual Entailment
[PDF] from uni-saarland.deDP der Philosophischen - 2011 - coli.uni-saarland.de
... been already successfully applied to other natural language processing tasks. ... I still owe them
a Chinese translation of the dissertation, which my father once asked ... play an important role in
understanding conversation dialogues (Zhang and Chai, 2010), metaphors (Agerri, 2008 ... 
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[PDF] Essays in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning
[PDF] from smashwords.comG Stahl - 2011 - smashwords.com
... The interview was published in Chinese in China Education Technology (Stahl & Chai, 2010). ...
The third approach involves automated natural language processing, using toolkits of algorithms
that are currently under development for application to VMT data. ... 
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Resolviendo: How September 11 Tested and Transformed a New York City Mexican Immigrant Organization
A Gálvez - Politics and Partnerships: The Role of Voluntary ..., 2011 - books.google.com
Page 306. Chapter eleven Resolviendo: How September 11 Tested and Transformed
a New York City Mexican Immigrant Organization Alyshia Gálvez There is a single
two-lane road connecting the city of Puebla and the small ... 
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[BOOK] Syntax-Based Collocation Extraction
V Seretan - 2011 - books.google.com
... In Natural Language Processing (NLP), collocational information derived from corpora is crucial
for applications dealing with text production. ... qui les rapproche" (Bally, 1951, 70-72).1 In order
to describe this af?nity, Coseriu (1967) later used the metaphor "lexical solidarity". ... 
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[PDF] The Implementation of Resilience Engineering to Enhance Organizational Innovation in a Complex Environment
[PDF] from ccsenet.orgR Pellissier - International Journal of Business and Management, 2010 - ccsenet.org
... group actualisation; creativity, courage and renewal; innovative leadership; metaphors;
appreciative enquiry ... as a great clock-like machine and his machine metaphor was transferred ...
and search engines like Google, Bing, and the new natural language processing focusing on ... 
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Acquisition and application of contextual role knowledge for coreference resolution
DL Bean - US Patent 7,813,916, 2010 - Google Patents
... 4/1999 364/488 WO WO 00/14651 3/2000 704/9 WO WO 00/46703 8/2000 703/2 OTHER
PUBLICATIONS Kehler, Probabilistic Coreference in Information Extraction, 1997, Proceedings
of the Second Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, p. 1-11 ... 
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[BOOK] Web Mining in Social Media: Use Cases, Business Value, and Algorithmic Approaches for Corporate Intelligence
A Graubner-Muller - 2011 - books.google.com
... 3.2.3. Natural Language Processing and Automated Information Extraction.....44 3.3 ... higher, as
for in- stance in the US (33%), in India (54%) and in China (81 ... Tapscott and Williams use the
metaphor of "the biggest coffeehouse on earth" to describe this conversational ... 
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[CITATION] The philosophy of generative linguistics
P Ludlow - 2011 - Oxford Univ Pr
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[PDF] Aportaciones del caló al argot español y francés
[PDF] from tucongreso.esAR Gómez - Review of Cognitive Linguistics, 2010 - aesla2011.tucongreso.es
... Trends in Cognitive Science, 7. 5:219-224. (reprinted in Journal of Foreign
Languages, China, 2004) _____. 2006. ... The conceptual theory of metaphor
explains the role of metaphors as a matter of thought and action. ... 
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[BOOK] Introduction to Search with Sphinx: From Installation to Relevance Tuning
A Aksyonoff - 2011 - books.google.com
... 3 Query Languages 3 Logical Versus Full-Text Conditions 4 Natural Language Processing 6
From Text to Words 6 Linguistics Crash Course 7 Relevance, As Seen from Outer ... Inter- estingly,
that's not just a metaphor, but a pretty accurate or even literally correct description. ... 
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QuickAssist Extensive Reading for Learners of German Using CALL Technologies
[PDF] from uwaterloo.caP Wood - 2010 - uwspace.uwaterloo.ca
... benefits of extensive reading, the role of motivation in second language learning, CALL, and natural
language processing technologies. ... MGG Mainstream Generative Grammar NLP Natural Language
Processing POS Part Of Speech RISC Reduced Instruction Set ... 
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The heterogeneity of knowledge representation and the elimination of concept
E Machery - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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Web Search Studies: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Web Search Engines
[PDF] from itu.dkM Zimmer - International Handbook of Internet Research, by ..., 2010 - Springer
... Their user study reveals a diverse range of conceptual approaches, metaphors, representations,
and ... that no human reads the message - by arguing that as natural language processing and
semantic ... with China's desire to censor certain search results, the extent to which gate ... 
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[PDF] Exploiting linguistic knowledge to infer properties of neologisms
[PDF] from psu.eduCP Cook - 2010 - Citeseer
... of natural language processing and lexicography. 1.1.1 Challenges for natural language
processing Systems for natural language processing (NLP) tasks often depend on lexicons for
a vari- ... For example, using the metaphor arguments are buildings, the domain of arguments ... 
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[BOOK] Conflict, Complexity and Mathematical Social Science
G Burt - 2010 - books.google.com
... r J'j. \A f n Professor, School of Management, Binghcmton Unfuersity, US bCneS tdltOr MANAS
L.HATTERJI Guest Professor, Peking University, Beijing, China Gordon Burt Page 2. CONFLICT,
COMPLEXITY AND MATHEMATICAL SOCIAL SCIENCE Page 3. ... 
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Doing with development: Moving toward a complete theory of concepts
HA Vlach, L Krogh, EE Thom... - Behavioral and Brain ..., 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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[BOOK] Corpus linguistics and world Englishes: An analysis of Xhosa English
V De Klerk - 2010 - books.google.com
... Table 1.1 Language distribution worldwide Rank Top 11 languages: Million Rank Top 11
languages: Million native speakers competent speakers 1 Mandarin Chinese 800 1 English 1,900
2 English 350 2 Mandarin 1,000 3 Hindi/Urdu 350 3 Hindi/Urdu 550 4 Spanish 315 4 ... 
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Developing without concepts
[HTML] from nih.govY Yermolayeva... - Behavioral and Brain ..., 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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From conceptual representations to explanatory relations
T Lombrozo - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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The theoretical indispensability of concepts
[PDF] from gsu.eduDA Weiskopf - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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Are prototypes and exemplars used in distinct cognitive processes?
J Virtel... - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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Where are nature's joints? Finding the mechanisms underlying categorization
AB Markman - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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The faux, fake, forged, false, fabricated, and phony: Problems for the independence of similarity-based theories of concepts
AJ Jacobson - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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Two uneliminated uses for "concepts": Hybrids and guides for inquiry
C Gonnerman... - Behavioral and Brain ..., 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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Conceptual atomism rethought
S Schneider - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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Unity amidst heterogeneity in theories of concepts
K Edwards - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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[PDF] Thèse de l'Université de Lyon
[PDF] from insa-lyon.frY Ji - 2010 - docinsa.insa-lyon.fr
... Jean-Luc Dugelay and Pr. Fabrice Mériaudeau to agree to be be examiners in the jury. I thank
the PhD Grants from China Scholarship Council for co-operation program between CSC and
INSA. I also would like to thank all the members of group IMAGINE at LIRIS. And especial ... 
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Evidence of coordination as a cure for concept eliminativism
[PDF] from gsu.eduA Scarantino - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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[BOOK] Artificial Intelligence: foundations of computational agents
DL Poole... - 2010 - books.google.com
... 512 12.6 Applications in Natural Language Processing . . ... There is evidence of this from ancient
China, Egypt, and Greece that bears wit- ness to the universality ... holograms, analog computers,
and dig- ital computers have all been proposed both as technological metaphors for in ... 
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[BOOK] Close engagements with artificial companions: Key social, psychological, ethical and design issues
[PDF] from aclweb.orgY Wilks - 2010 - books.google.com
Page 1. Natural Language Processing 8 rClose Engagements with Artificial Companions Key
social, psychological, ethical and design issues Edited by YorickWilks JOHN BENJAMINS
PUBLISH INC COMPANY Page 2. Close Engagements with Artificial Companions Page 3. ... 
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Concepts are a functional kind
E Lalumera - Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2010 - Cambridge Univ Press
... Second, concepts are non-proprie- tary: DOG is used by the processes underlying categoriz-
ation, induction, linguistic understanding, metaphor building, planning ... people judge differ- ently
the typicality of birds when they take the point of view of someone from China and when ... 
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[PDF] Online Discourse Analysis Method (ODAM)'Conversational analysis of chatroom "talk"'
[PDF] from onlinehome.usT Neuage... - 2010 - s126867739.onlinehome.us
Page 1. Online Discourse Analysis Method (ODAM) 'Conversational analysis of chatroom "talk"'
by Terrell Neuage BA (Journalism), Bachelor of Arts with Honours (Children's Literature), MA
(English Literature) A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of ... 
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Micro-processes of grammaticalization
L Vezzosi - Grammaticalization: Current Views and Issues, 2010 - books.google.com
Page 352. Micro-processes of grammaticalization The case of Italian l'un l'altro Letizia
Vezzosi University of Perugia After the pioneering work of Lehmann (1982),
grammaticalization has been at the centre of linguistic discussion ... 
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[BOOK] Inside Jokes: Using Humor to Reverse-Engineer the Mind
MM Hurley, DC Dennett... - 2011 - books.google.com
... which are jokes and Page 21. 6 Chapter 1 humor," then, they have a very strict
generation algorithm reminiscent of traditional grammar-based natural language
processing models. Recent research in sentence comprehension ... 
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[PDF] Proceedings of the 9 th European Conference on e-Learning
[PDF] from academic-conferences.orgP Escudeiro - 2010 - academic-conferences.org
... Eulalia Torras 66 621 QAOSM- Empowering Quest Atlantis with Open Student Model
Component Avgoustos Tsinakos 66 629 Metaphors in eLearning Nazime Tuncay,
Ioana Andreea Stanescu and Mustafa Tuncay 67 636 Tool ... 
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Communication and Trust in the Bounded Con?dence Model
MJ Krawczyk, K Malarz, R Kor?... - ... ICCCI 2010, Kaohsiung ..., 2010 - books.google.com
... Detection of Image Region-Duplication with Rotation and Scaling Tolerance Qiumin Wu,
Shuozhong Wang, and Xinpeng Zhang School of Communication and Information Engineering,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China {rynax_ls, shuowang, xzhang}@ shu. edu. ... 
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[PDF] DESKTOP SEARCH
[PDF] from dcu.ieD Elsweiler, GJF Jones, L Kelly... - 2010 - cdvp.dcu.ie
... Kelly (University of North Carolina, USA) Yukun Li (Renmin University, China) Ian Ruthven ... of
Pittsburgh, has been a fixture of the information retrieval and natural language processing fields
since ... awareness in a file system interface: Implementing the 'pile' metaphor for organiz ... 
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[BOOK] Text and Genre in Reconstruction. Effects of Digitalization on Ideas, Behaviours, Products and Institutions
[HTML] from google.comW McCarty - 2010 - books.google.com
... We know from research in natural language processing that probabilistic methods have proven
highly successful ... However useful as a metaphor for thinking about and discuss- ing textual features ...
by John Searle thirty years later for his equally famous Chinese Room argument ... 
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Selecting Features in Origin Analysis.
[PDF] from herts.ac.ukP Green, PCR Lane, A Rainer... - ... and Development in ..., 2010 - books.google.com
... 1 Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering Department, The University of Hong Kong,
Hong Kong, PR China shirley-qiu@ hku. hk 2 Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
Department, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China hyklau@ hku. ... 
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[HTML] Complexity and Social Networks Blog
[HTML] from harvard.eduB Bozeman... - Network, 2010 - iq.harvard.edu
... cell phone conversation in the bus or train, to the efforts of China to control its ... from their tastes
to their moods to their health (16), while Natural Language Processing offers increased ... Cognitive
science emerged out of the power of the computational metaphor of the human mind. ... 
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Teaching EAP Through Distance Education: An Analysis Of An Online Writing Course
[PDF] from iupui.eduRM El-adawy - 2010 - scholarworks.iupui.edu
... NBL Network Based Language Teaching NPL Natural Language Processing PP Powerpoint
Page 12. ... This classification shows how important learning English has become, especially if we
consider the current growth of one of the world's super-powers, China, and its citizens' ... 
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[CITATION] Wearing the Badge of the Alliance vs. Having to Wear a Badge to Be Told Apart: Joseph Cazès in Teheran in 1898. Cognitive Analysis and Cultural Aspec
E Nissan - International Journal on Humanistic Ideology, 2010
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[BOOK] Persistent forecasting of disruptive technologies: report 2
National Research Council (US). Committee on ... - 2010 - books.google.com
... signal A piece of data, a sign, or an event that is relevant to the identification of a
potentially disruptive technology: for example, Apple, Inc., placing a large order for
new touch capacitance screens from a Chinese supplier. Page 24. ... 
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[PDF] Concepts Enacted: Confronting the Obstacles and Paradoxes Inherent in Pursuing a Scientific Understanding of the Building Blocks of Human Thought
[PDF] from sussex.ac.ukJ Parthemore - 2010 - informatics.sussex.ac.uk
... 3 1.4 Finding a Neutral Metaphor . . . . . ... Its ability to tease out the logical structure in
language made it an early popular choice for natural-language processing. In many
ways, it captures deductive propositional reasoning beautifully. ... 
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Modeling representation uncertainty in concept-based multimedia retrieval
[PDF] from utwente.nlRBN Aly - 2010 - doc.utwente.nl
... Second, translating the user's information need into concepts is problematic, since a retrieval
engine has to find, for instance, the correspondence between the concept Jaguar and the way
a Chinese user would express this information need (Natsev et al., 2007). ... 
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Analysis of Discourse Accent and Discursive Practices I&W
[PDF] from dtic.milP Toman - 2010 - DTIC Document
Page 1. AFRL-RH-WP-TR-2010-0128 ANALYSIS OF DISCOURSE ACCENT AND DISCURSIVE
PRACTICES I&W Pamela Toman Larry Kuznar Tessa Baker April Hartman National Security
Innovations (NSI), Inc. 8 Faneuil Hall Marketplace, 3rd Floor Boston MA 02109 ... 
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[BOOK] Final Jeopardy: Man Vs. Machine and the Quest to Know Everything
S Baker - 2011 - books.google.com
... It will have to under- stand language, including puns and irony, and master everything from history
and literature to science, arts, and entertainment" - Provided by publisher. isbn
978-0-547-48316-0 1. Natural language processing (Computer science) 2. Semantic computing. ... 
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[PDF] CRA-E White Paper
[PDF] from psu.eduC Environments - 2010 - Citeseer
Page 1. CRA-E White Paper Creating Environments for Computational Researcher
Education August 9, 2010 Page 2. 8/9/10 2 Committee Members Andy van Dam,
Brown (chair) Jim Foley, Georgia Tech John Guttag, MIT Pat ... 
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[PDF] Improving word-finding in assistive communication tools: A mixed-initiative approach
[PDF] from princeton.eduS Nikolova - 2010 - cs.princeton.edu
Page 1. IMPROVING WORD-FINDING IN ASSISTIVE COMMUNICATION TOOLS: A
MIXED-INITIATIVE APPROACH SONYA NIKOLOVA A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE
FACULTY OF PRINCETON UNIVERSITY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE ... 
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A Corpus-based Approach to Philological Issues
[PDF] from unitn.itF Boschetti - 2010 - eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it
... Namboodiri et al. (2007) and Zhuang and Zhu (2005) integrated multi-knowledge with the
OCR output in post-processing, such as fixed poetical structures for Indian poetry or semantic
lexicons for Chinese texts. Bozzi (2000) illustrates an integrated ... 
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[BOOK] Essays in Cognitive Science: Collegiate Papers on Morality and Consciousness
I Malloy - 2011 - books.google.com
... God through Christ. Such is the Pure Christian (denominations and de- bates of
translation aside from historical tradition - the Bible as literal metaphor - parables
and myths in Divine Truth) interpretation of Euthyphro. To break ... 
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[PDF] Message in a Bottle A linguistic and Semiotic Analysis of Brand Names of Fragrances
[PDF] from unina.itPM Hickey - 2010 - fedoa.unina.it
Page 1. UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI FEDERICO II FACOLTÀ DI SCIENZE POLITICHE
Dipartimento di Scienze Statistiche SEZIONE LINGUISTICA Dottorato di Ricerca in LINGUA
INGLESE PER SCOPI SPECIALI XXII CICLO Tesi di Dottorato Message in a Bottle ... 
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[BOOK] Vision India 2020
S Mitra - 2010 - books.google.com
... Beyond that waited the non-English-speaking world, encompassing China, Latin America,
the Arab countries, and Europe. ... To a soccer fan, for example, Lucid explained concepts of
physics like velocity and acceleration by using metaphors from the field. ... 
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[BOOK] Standards for K-12 Engineering Education?
Committee on Standards for K-12 Engineering ... - 2010 - books.google.com
... careers. However, for the purposes of contrasting the general-education and
engineering-preparation purposes of K-12 engineering education, the committee has
chosen to use the mainline- pipeline metaphor. Page 20. INTRODUCTION ... 
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[HTML] Complexity and Social Networks Blog
[HTML] from harvard.eduSA NYU... - Cell, 2010 - iq.harvard.edu
Complexity and Social Networks Blog. Main. November 30, 2010. Sinan Aral on
contagion. I am pleased to announce a presentation by Sinan Aral of NYU in the
Boston-Cambridge Colloquium on Complexity and Social Networks. ... 
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Visionary Ideas: Technical Enablement
S Jobs - Smart Data: Enterprise Performance Optimization ..., 2010 - Wiley Online Library
... By employing the technology of tagging and mapping, it is possible to support natural
language processing, for instance. Other terms describing interoperability technology have
been discussed, and our cases will provide more detailed examples. ... 
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[BOOK] On Second Thought: Outsmarting Your Mind's Hard-Wired Habits
W Herbert - 2010 - books.google.com
... These basic, internal concepts explain the power of metaphors. Consider this brooding metaphor,
from the Sylvia Plath poem "Winter Landscape, with Rocks," written when the poet was
twenty-four years old: Last summer's reeds are all engraved in ice as is your image in my ... 
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[BOOK] Sacred Trust: A Children's Education Bill of Rights
PW Cookson Jr - 2011 - books.google.com
Page 1. SACRED Trust A Children's Education Bill of Rights Peter W Cookson, Jr.
Foreword by Rudy Crew Page 2. Sacred Trust Page 3. For Susan Page 4. Sacred Trust
A Children's Education Bill of Rights PETER W COOKSOH JR. ... 
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[PDF] An Architecture for Structured, Concurrent, Real-Time Action
[PDF] from barrettnexus.comLR Barrett - 2010 - soccer.barrettnexus.com
... allowed him to take a parsed sentence, simulate the action described, and transfer the result
through the metaphor map to the target domain [60]. This provided interesting and effective
understanding of linguistic metaphors. However, because his behavior model was never ... 
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[BOOK] Healthcare Infrastructure: Health Systems for Individuals and Populations
BR Schatz, RB Berlin Jr... - 2011 - books.google.com
... 25 2.2 India and the Rise of Systems: Concepts and Categories . . . . . 28 2.3 China and
the Structure of Humours: Yin and Yang (Volume and Variation) . . . . ... 
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[BOOK] Design to thrive: creating social networks and online communities that last
TW Howard - 2010 - books.google.com
... Of course, despite the best efforts of natural language processing profession- als, we still
haven't figured out how to talk to our computers and get intelligible answers the way that Captain
Kirk or Commander Spock could talk to comput- ers on the TV show Star Trek. ... 
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Uncovering the network-centric organization
[PDF] from umi.comRS Abrams - 2010 - gradworks.umi.com
Page 1. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Uncovering the Network-Centric Organization
DISSERTATION submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR
OF PHILOSOPHY in Information and Computer Science by Robert Steven Abrams ... 
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DISSECT: Data-Intensive Socially Similar Evolving Community Tracker
A Chin... - Computational Social Network Analysis, 2010 - Springer
... 5 Donghuan Zhonglu, Economic and Technological Development Area, Beijing 100176, China
e-mail: alvin.chin@nokia.com M. Chignell ... Techniques such as noun-phrase analysis [52] and
other natural language-processing techniques that analyze content of the posts [53 ... 
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Towards the development and application of representative lexicographic corpora for the Gabonese languages
[TXT] from sun.ac.zaLS Soami - 2010 - scholar.sun.ac.za
... Guthrie?s classification has also been used in Williamson (1971) and Sebeok (1971). Mutaki
and Tamanji (2000) add that typologically, Bantu languages are agglutinative compared to
inflectional languages such as Greek and isolating languages such as Chinese. ... 
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Irony in online reviews: A linguistic approach to identifying irony
[PDF] from gu.seM Jönsson - rapport nr.: SPL kandidatuppsats i engelska SPL2010- ..., 2010 - gupea.ub.gu.se
... carry out this investigation manually, but the goal is that my findings could be used in NLP (natural
language processing) applications that ... In semantic theory, irony is often described as a rhetorical
device together with metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, hyperbole and litotes ... 
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